SMAD4 Protein Expression Is Downregulated in Ileal Epithelial Cells from Patients with Crohn’s Disease with Significant Inverse Correlation to Disease Activity
Table 1
Patient characteristics.
Active CD
Remission CD
Controls
value
Number (%)
13 (34)
16 (42)
9 (24)
Female (%)
6 (46)
7 (44)
3 (33)
0.839
Age (median (IQR))
38 (29.00–55.50)
44 (35.75–52.75)
75 (56.50–76.50)
0.001
Age at diagnosis
A1 (below 16 years) (%)
0
0
—
A2 (17–40 years) (%)
10 (77)
12 (75)
—
A3 (above 40 years) (%)
3 (23)
4 (25)
—
Location
L1 ileal (%)
10 (77)
4 (25)
—
L2 colonic (%)
0
11 (69)
—
L3 ileocolonic (%)
3 (23)
1 (6)
—
Behavior
B1 nonstricturing, nonpenetrating (%)
2 (15)
10 (63)
—
B2 stricturing (%)
10 (77)
2 (13)
—
B3 penetrating (%)
1 (8)
4 (25)
—
Previous intestinal resection related to CD
Small bowel (%)
0
0
—
Colorectal (%)
0
0
—
Small bowel and colon (%)
4 (29)
2 (10)
—
Disease localization of active luminal CD (SES-CD > 2)
Small bowel (%)
10 (77)
0
—
Colorectal (%)
0 (0)
0
—
Small bowel and colon (%)
3 (23)
0
—
Ongoing medical treatment
TNF inhibitors (%)
1 (7)
9 (56)
—
Azathioprine (%)
4 (31)
9 (56)
—
Corticosteroids (%)
2 (14)
1 (6)
—
CD: Crohn’s disease; SES-CD: Simple Endoscopic Score for Crohn’s Disease. Montreal classification was used for classification of disease behavior. In the aCD group, 1 patient received both TNF inhibitors and azathioprine; in the rCD group, 4 patients received both TNF inhibitors and azathioprine, while 1 patient received corticosteroids and azathioprine.
