Systematic Review with Meta-analysis: Association of Helicobacter pylori Infection with Esophageal Cancer

Table 4

Univariate metaregression analysis for the potential variables between studies.

Covariates	Coefficient	Standard error			95% confidence interval
ESCC
Year	-0.034	0.022	-1.56	0.135	-0.080	0.011
Ethnicity
Caucasians	0.855	0.977	0.88	0.394	-1.206	2.917
Mongolians	0.961	0.982	0.98	0.341	-1.111	3.033
Australian	1.247	1.114	1.12	0.279	-1.103	3.598
Study area
North America	0.434	0.577	0.75	0.462	-0.788	1.656
Europe	-0.370	0.490	-0.76	0.461	-1.408	0.669
East Asia	-0.304	0.477	-0.64	0.533	-1.315	0.707
Middle East	-1.254	0.559	-2.24	0.039	-2.439	-0.692
Study type	0.379	0.564	0.67	0.510	-0.803	1.560
Study object	0.356	0.284	1.25	0.226	-0.239	0.950
Matching	0.024	0.447	0.05	0.959	-0.911	0.959
Detection method
S	0.785	0.508	1.55	0.139	-0.281	1.852
S, H, U	1.251	0.600	2.08	0.052	-0.010	2.512
EAC
Year	-0.040	0.016	-2.50	0.022	-0.073	-0.006
Ethnicity
Caucasians	0.729	0.249	2.93	0.009	0.204	1.254
Australian	0.581	0.370	1.57	0.135	-0.199	1.362
Study area
North America	0.163	0.442	0.37	0.717	-0.774	1.100
Europe	-0.866	0.459	-0.19	0.853	-1.059	0.885
Middle East	-0.485	0.808	-0.60	0.557	-2.199	1.228
Study type	0.883	0.735	1.20	0.245	-0.661	2.426
Study object	-0.142	0.212	-0.67	0.512	-0.587	0.304
Matching	0.404	0.212	1.90	0.073	-0.421	0.849
Detection method
S	-0.278	0.560	-0.50	0.626	-1.461	0.903
H	-0.757	0.577	-1.31	0.207	-1.974	0.460

Note: ESCC: esophageal squamous cell carcinoma; EAC: esophageal adenocarcinoma; S: serology; H: histology; U: rapid urease test. the difference was statistically significant.