Systematic Review with Meta-analysis: Association of Helicobacter pylori Infection with Esophageal Cancer

Table 5

Multivariate metaregression analysis for the potential variables between studies.

Covariates	Coefficient	Standard error			95% confidence interval
ESCC
Study area
North America	0.434	0.566	0.77	0.455	-0.779	1.647
Europe	0.449	0.483	-0.93	0.368	-1.485	0.586
East Asia	-0.414	0.472	-0.88	0.395	-1.427	0.599
Middle East	-1.426	0.677	-2.11	0.05	-2.878	0.026
Detection method
S	-0.296	0.681	-0.43	0.671	-1.757	1.165
S, H, U	0.246	0.765	0.32	0.752	-1.395	1.888
EAC
Year	-0.017	0.024	-0.71	0.490	-0.069	-0.035
Ethnicity
Caucasians	0.394	0.417	0.94	0.361	-0.496	1.283
Australian	0.461	0.435	1.06	0.306	-0.467	1.389
Matching	0.275	0.209	1.31	0.209	-0.171	0.721

Note: ESCC: esophageal squamous cell carcinoma; EAC: esophageal adenocarcinoma; S: serology; H: histology; U: rapid urease test. the difference was statistically significant.