The Clinical and Economic Burden of Colorectal Anastomotic Leaks: Middle-Income Country Perspective
Table 2
Univariate and multivariable analyses of the possible predictors of AL.
Variables
AL incidence
Crude RR (95% CI)
Adjusted RR (95% CI)
Gender
Male
14 (10.2)
2.27 (1.01–5.09)
0.049
1.72 (0.82–3.62)
0.148
Female
9 (4.5)
Surgery timing
Emergency
9 (15.8)
3.16 (1.44–6.94)
0.007
2.56 (1.15–5.71)
0.021
Elective
14 (5.0)
Procedure extension
Multivisceral resection
9 (8.0)
1.29 (0.58–2.89)
0.647
—
—
Standard LAR
14 (6.2)
Surgical approach
Open
18 (8.4)
2.07 (0.79–5.43)
0.178
—
—
Laparoscopic
5 (4.1)
Blood transfusion
Yes
13 (22.8)
6.38 (2.94–13.84)
<0.001
4.44 (1.85–10.63)
0.001
No
10 (3.6)
Protective stoma
Yes
11 (19.6)
4.59 (2.13–9.89)
<0.001
1.88 (0.74–4.80)
0.185
No
12 (4.3)
Cancer diagnosis
Yes
12 (12.2)
2.66 (1.22–5.83)
0.017
2.51 (1.27–4.98)
0.008
No
11 (4.6)
Incidence is presented as (%). value was calculated by Fisher’s exact test in the crude analysis with Poisson regression in the multivariable analysis. The multivariable Poisson regression included variables with in univariate analysis: gender, surgery timing, cancer, and need for blood transfusion. AL: anastomotic leak; CI: confidence interval; RR: relative risk.