The Clinical and Economic Burden of Colorectal Anastomotic Leaks: Middle-Income Country Perspective

Table 3

Clinical outcomes according to the presence of AL.

Outcomes	With AL ()	Without AL ()	Crude RR (95% CI)		Adjusted RR (95% CI)
Use of antibiotics	20 (87.0)	146 (46.5)	1.87 (1.54–2.28)	<0.001	1.69 (1.37–2.09)	<0.001
Mortality	5 (21.7)	4 (1.3)	17.06 (4.91–59.25)	<0.001	13.49 (4.10–44.35)	<0.001
Readmission	6 (26.1)	26 (8.3)	3.15 (1.44–6.87)	0.014	3.34 (1.53–7.32)	0.003
LOS			5.20 (3.91–6.90)	<0.001	4.42 (3.38–5.78)	<0.001

Data is presented as (%), except for LOS, which is presented as deviation. Crude RR was calculated from contingency tables, except for the LOS, where a generalized linear model (GLM) was used (both in the crude and in the adjusted RR). Adjusted RR (except for LOS) was calculated using Poisson regression. Adjusted analyses included age, gender, cancer status, and timing of surgery as covariables (except for LOS, where gender was omitted in order to achieve model convergence). values were obtained by Fisher’s exact test and Poisson regression for all variables except for LOS, which was calculated with GLM. AL: anastomotic leak; CI: confidence interval; LOS: length of stay; RR: relative risk.