Beneficial Effects of Probiotic Treatment on Gut Microbiota in Very Low Birth Weight Infants

Table 1

The demographic and clinical features of mothers and their infants between two groups.

	PB group ()	PL group ()	OR (95% CI)	value
Maternal features
Age ()				0.7
C-section (, %)	5 (62.5)	3 (37.5)	2.8 (0.4~21.0)	0.6
PROM (, %)	4 (50)	1 (12.5)	7.0 (0.6~86.3)	0.3
Pregnancy hypertension (, %)	1 (12.5)	1 (12.5)	1.0(0.0~19.4)	1.0
Placenta previa (, %)	2 (25)	0 (0)	0.4 (0.2~0.8)	0.5
Antibiotics before delivery (, %)	1 (12.5)	0 (0)	0.5 (0.3~0.8)	1.0
Neonatal features
Gestational age (weeks)				0.2
Birth weight (grams)				0.1
Male (, %)	6 (75)	3 (37.5)	5.0 (10.6~42.8)	0.3
SGA (, %)	1 (12.5)	1 (12.5)	1.0 (0.0~19.4)	1.0
1-minute Apgar score				0.8
5-minute Apgar score				1.0
Feeding types
Exclusively formula	6 (75)	3 (37.5)		0.3
Breast milk plus formula	2 (25)	5 (62.5)		0.3
Antibiotic exposure (, %)	7 (87.5)	5 (62.5)		0.6
Clinical complications
CLD	4 (50)	3 (37.5)		1.0
IVH	2 (25)	0 (0)		0.5
ROP	1 (12.5)	0 (0)		1.0

CLD: chronic lung disease; IVH: intraventricular hemorrhage; ROP: retinopathy.