|
| No. | Study | Country | Target population | Age (years) | Sample size | Definition (U/L) | Prevalence of elevated ALT |
|
| 1 | Kim et al. [21]
(2018) | Korea | Adolescents | 10-18 | 8455 | >30 | 5.3% in total
8.0% in boys
2.1% in girls |
| >40 | 2.8% in total |
>33 for boys
>25 for girls | 5.4% in total |
|
| 2 | Ruhl and Everhart [18]
(2013) | U.S. | Adolescents | 12-19 | 9361 | >31 for boys
>24 for girls | 10.8% am and 11.3% pm in boys
7.3% am and 7.8% pm in girls |
|
| 3 | Kong et al. [35]
(2008) | China | Adolescents | 12-18 | 2102 | >40 | 3.2% in total |
| >30 | 5.9% in total |
|
| 4 | Fraser et al. [19]
(2007) | U.S. | Adolescents | 12-19 | 5586 | >30 | 8.0% in total
5.6% in boys
1.6% in girls
7.4% in white
11.5% in Mexican Americans
6.0% in black
10.6% in multiracial and other Hispanics |
| >40 | 3.6% in total
5.6% in boys
1.6% in girls
3.1% in white
6.1% in Mexican Americans
2.3% in black |
|
| 5 | Strauss et al. [20]
(2000) | U.S. | Overweight and obese adolescents | 12-18 | 2450 | >30 | 6% in overweight
20% in obesity |
|
| 6 | Park et al. [12]
(2005) | Korea | Adolescents | 10-19 | 1594 | >40 | 3.6% in boys
2.8% in girls |
|
| 7 | Wu et al. [10]
(2012) | China | Students | 12-24 | 6997 | ≥40 | 3.1% in total
4.8% in boys
1.5% in girls |
|
| 8 | Park et al. [33]
(2012) | Korea | Adolescents | 12-18 | 1591 | >33 for boys
>25 for girls | 5.9% in total
15.7% in overweight
34.9% in obesity |
|
| 9 | Fermin et al. [17]
(2017) | U.S. | Adolescents | 12-19 | 5411 | >30 | 9.14% in total
8.74% in non-Hispanic white
5.49% in non-Hispanic black
13.33% in Hispanic |
>22 for girls
>25 for boys | 16.25% in total |
|
| 10 | DeBoer et al. [42]
(2013) | U.S. | Adolescents | 12-19 | 4124 | >30 | 9.0% in total
13.7% in Hispanics
8.6% in non-Hispanic white
5.4% in non-Hispanic blacks |
|
| 11 | Ramirez-Lopez et al. [22]
(2018) | Mexico | Adolescents | 14-19 | 674 | >40 | 3.0% in total
14.1% in obesity
1.81% in nonobesity |
|
| 12 | Purcell et al. [23]
(2013) | Mexico | Youth | 8-19 | 1262 | >40 | 9.8% in boys
3.8% in girls
28.9% in obesity
14.2% in overweight
40.0% in metabolic syndrome boys
14.5% in metabolic syndrome girls |
|
| 13 | Elizondo-Montemayor et al. [32]
(2014) | Mexico | Obese and overweight children | 6-12 | 236 | >40 | 17.7% in total |
|
| 14 | Samani et al. [25]
(2011) | Iran | Children and adolescents | 6-18 | 1172 | >30 for boys
>19 for girls | 4.9% in boys
7.45% in girls |
|
| 15 | Wang et al. [43]
(2018) | Korea | Healthy adolescents | 10-18 | 1785 | >24.1 for boys
>17.7 for girls | 14.9% in boys
12.3% in girls |
|
| 16 | van Vliet et al. [24]
(2009) | Netherlands | Overweight and obese children | 3-18 | 443 | >30 | 20.3% in total
25.8% in boys
13.8% in girls |
|
| 17 | Park et al. [28]
(2013) | Korea | Adolescents | 10-18 | 2242 | >30 for boys
>19 for girls | 7.9% in boys
10.2% in girls |
|
