|
No. | Study | Country | Target population | Age (years) | Sample size | Definition (U/L) | Prevalence of elevated ALT |
|
1 | Kim et al. [21] (2018) | Korea | Adolescents | 10-18 | 8455 | >30 | 5.3% in total 8.0% in boys 2.1% in girls |
>40 | 2.8% in total |
>33 for boys >25 for girls | 5.4% in total |
|
2 | Ruhl and Everhart [18] (2013) | U.S. | Adolescents | 12-19 | 9361 | >31 for boys >24 for girls | 10.8% am and 11.3% pm in boys 7.3% am and 7.8% pm in girls |
|
3 | Kong et al. [35] (2008) | China | Adolescents | 12-18 | 2102 | >40 | 3.2% in total |
>30 | 5.9% in total |
|
4 | Fraser et al. [19] (2007) | U.S. | Adolescents | 12-19 | 5586 | >30 | 8.0% in total 5.6% in boys 1.6% in girls 7.4% in white 11.5% in Mexican Americans 6.0% in black 10.6% in multiracial and other Hispanics |
>40 | 3.6% in total 5.6% in boys 1.6% in girls 3.1% in white 6.1% in Mexican Americans 2.3% in black |
|
5 | Strauss et al. [20] (2000) | U.S. | Overweight and obese adolescents | 12-18 | 2450 | >30 | 6% in overweight 20% in obesity |
|
6 | Park et al. [12] (2005) | Korea | Adolescents | 10-19 | 1594 | >40 | 3.6% in boys 2.8% in girls |
|
7 | Wu et al. [10] (2012) | China | Students | 12-24 | 6997 | ≥40 | 3.1% in total 4.8% in boys 1.5% in girls |
|
8 | Park et al. [33] (2012) | Korea | Adolescents | 12-18 | 1591 | >33 for boys >25 for girls | 5.9% in total 15.7% in overweight 34.9% in obesity |
|
9 | Fermin et al. [17] (2017) | U.S. | Adolescents | 12-19 | 5411 | >30 | 9.14% in total 8.74% in non-Hispanic white 5.49% in non-Hispanic black 13.33% in Hispanic |
>22 for girls >25 for boys | 16.25% in total |
|
10 | DeBoer et al. [42] (2013) | U.S. | Adolescents | 12-19 | 4124 | >30 | 9.0% in total 13.7% in Hispanics 8.6% in non-Hispanic white 5.4% in non-Hispanic blacks |
|
11 | Ramirez-Lopez et al. [22] (2018) | Mexico | Adolescents | 14-19 | 674 | >40 | 3.0% in total 14.1% in obesity 1.81% in nonobesity |
|
12 | Purcell et al. [23] (2013) | Mexico | Youth | 8-19 | 1262 | >40 | 9.8% in boys 3.8% in girls 28.9% in obesity 14.2% in overweight 40.0% in metabolic syndrome boys 14.5% in metabolic syndrome girls |
|
13 | Elizondo-Montemayor et al. [32] (2014) | Mexico | Obese and overweight children | 6-12 | 236 | >40 | 17.7% in total |
|
14 | Samani et al. [25] (2011) | Iran | Children and adolescents | 6-18 | 1172 | >30 for boys >19 for girls | 4.9% in boys 7.45% in girls |
|
15 | Wang et al. [43] (2018) | Korea | Healthy adolescents | 10-18 | 1785 | >24.1 for boys >17.7 for girls | 14.9% in boys 12.3% in girls |
|
16 | van Vliet et al. [24] (2009) | Netherlands | Overweight and obese children | 3-18 | 443 | >30 | 20.3% in total 25.8% in boys 13.8% in girls |
|
17 | Park et al. [28] (2013) | Korea | Adolescents | 10-18 | 2242 | >30 for boys >19 for girls | 7.9% in boys 10.2% in girls |
|