Hemodialysis Increases the Risk of Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding and Angiodysplasia Bleeding: A Nationwide Population Study

Table 2

The gastrointestinal bleeding and bleeding-related mortality in dialysis CKD and dialysis-free CKD and control groups during a 6.4-year follow-up period.

Variables	A: dialysis CKD group		B: dialysis-free CKD group		C: control group		value
		%		%		%	A vs. B	A vs. C	B vs. C
All GI bleeding, hospitalized	175	30.5%	126	11.0%	93	8.1%	<0.001	<0.001	0.019
Lower GI bleeding	74	12.9%	41	3.6%	32	2.8%	<0.001	<0.001	0.27
Angiodysplasia bleeding	6	1.1%	1	0.1%	1	0.1%	0.003	0.003	1.00
Bleeding related mortality	14	2.4%	13	1.13%	0	0	0.0040	<0.001	0.0003

. CKD: chronic kidney disease; GI: gastrointestinal.