Research Article
Correlation between Intraoperative Fluid Administration and Outcomes of Pancreatoduodenectomy
Table 2
Details of intraoperative characteristics, postoperative outcome (
), and comparison of them among the three groups.
| | Parameter | Total () | Restricted group () | Standard group () | Liberal group () | value (restricted vs. liberal) |
| | IOF rate (ml/kg/hr) | | | | | | | Estimated blood loss (ml) | | | | | .304 | | Patients transfused in PD | 16 (10.60%) | 3(6.38%) | 8(10.53%) | 5(17.86%) | | | Volume of blood transfusion (ml) | | | | | .897 | | POF1 rate (ml/kg/hr) | | | | | .980 | | POF2 rate (ml/kg/hr) | | | | | .899 | | POF3 rate (ml/kg/hr) | | | | | .575 | | Postoperative length of stay (days) | | | | | .088 | | Recovery of bowel function (days) | | | | | .829 | | Drainage of POD1 (ml) | | | | | .286 | | Drainage of POD2 (ml) | | | | | .962 | | Drainage of POD3 (ml) | | | | | .867 | | Complications | 86 (56.95%) | | | | | | POPF [26] | 17 (11.26%) | 3 (6.38%) | 7 (9.21%) | 7 (25%) | .035 | | BL | 4 | 1 | 2 | 1 | | | Grade B | 6 | 1 | 2 | 3 | | | Grade C | 7 | 1 | 3 | 3 | | | Biliary fistula | 9 (5.96%) | 3 (6.38%) | 4 (5.26%) | 2 (7.14%) | .927 | | Wound infection | 12 (7.95%) | 3 (6.38%) | 5 (6.58%) | 4 (14.29%) | .459 | | Postpancreatectomy hemorrhage [28] | 11 (7.28%) | 2 (4.26%) | 6 (7.89%) | 3 (10.71%) | .558 | | Intra-abdominal infection | 10 (6.62%) | 2 (4.26%) | 5 (6.58%) | 3 (10.71%) | .553 | | Respiratory complication | 15 (9.93%) | 1 (2.13%) | 8 (10.53%) | 6 (21.43%) | .025 | | Pulmonary infection | 9 (5.96%) | 1 | 3 | 5 | | | Pulmonary edema | 5 (3.31%) | 0 | 1 | 4 | | | Pulmonary embolus | 1 (0.66%) | 0 | 1 | 0 | | | Delayed gastric emptying [29] | 5 (3.31%) | 1 (2.13%) | 2 (2.63%) | 2 (7.14%) | .456 | | Chylous fistula [27] | 3 (2.65%) | 0 | 2 (2.63%) | 1 (0.77%) | .485 | | Liver abscess | 2 (1.32%) | 1 (2.13%) | 1 (1.32%) | 0 (0) | .738 | | Others | 2(1.32%) | 0 | 1 (1.32%) | 1 (0.77%) | .738 | | Mortality (in-hospital) | 11 (7.28%) | 2 (4.26%) | 4 (5.26%) | 5 (17.86%) | .057 | | POPF/intra-abdominal infection | 6 | 0 | 2 | 4 | | | Hemorrhage | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | | | Pulmonary embolus | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | | | Acute renal failure | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
|
|
Abbreviations: IOF: intraoperative fluid; POF: postoperative fluid; POD: postoperative day; POPF: postoperative pancreatic fistula; BL: biochemical leak.
|
