Nomograms Predicting the Occurrence of Sepsis in Patients following Major Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery

Table 1

Characteristics of patients in the training and validation cohorts.

Variables	Cohort		value
	Training ()	Validation ()
Age			0.52
Gender
Male	339	97	0.16
Female	183	39
Diabetes
Yes	95	20	0.34
No	427	116
BMI			0.83
Perioperative blood transfusion
Yes	203	45	0.21
No	319	91
Preoperative ALT (U/l)	45.05 (21.52-121)	40.5 (20.2-117.2)	0.47
Preoperative AST (U/l)	37.55 (21.2-96.75)	36.7 (19.57-79.45)	0.48
Preoperative direct bilirubin (μmol/l)	5.4 (3.3-38.8)	5.25 (3.2-29.43)	0.83
Intraoperative blood loss (ml)	300 (200-600)	300 (200-500)	0.51
Operative time (min)	285 (200-345)	285 (200-365)	0.75
ASA score
1	11	4	0.14
2	434	107
3	75	22
4	2	2
5	0	1