Research Article
Nomograms Predicting the Occurrence of Sepsis in Patients following Major Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery
Table 2
Clinical characteristics and inflammation biomarkers in the training cohort. Data are shown as the
or median (P25 and P75).
| | Variable | Training cohort | | | Sepsis (-), | Sepsis (+), |
| | Age | | | 0.02 | | Sex | | | | | Male | 305 | 34 | 0.61 | | Female | 162 | 21 | | Perioperative blood transfusion | | | | | Yes | 165 | 38 | ≤0.001 | | No | 302 | 17 | | ASA scores | | | | | 1 | 10 | 1 | ≤0.001 | | 2 | 392 | 42 | | 3 | 64 | 11 | | 4 | 1 | 1 | | Diabetes | | | | | Yes | 78 | 17 | 0.01 | | No | 389 | 38 | | BMI | | | 0.01 | | Operative time (min) | 280 (210-340) | 345 (262.5-431) | 0.03 | | Intraoperative blood loss | 300 (200-600) | 400 (200-800) | | Preoperative ALT | 44 (20.45-122.5) | 62 (24.5-104.9) | 0.53 | | Preoperative AST | 35.6 (20.85-98.95) | 42.6 (26.4-81.9) | 0.47 | | Preoperative direct bilirubin | 5.1 (3.2-31) | 35.5 (5.1-132.05) | ≤0.001 | | Inflammation biomarkers | | | | | IL-1 (pg/ml) | 5 (5-5) | 5 (5-5) | 0.46 | | IL-2 (U/ml) | 767 (600-1023) | 1034 (699.5-1378.5) | ≤0.001 | | IL-6 (pg/ml) | 82.2 (46.15-164.5) | 171 (102-274) | ≤0.001 | | IL-8 (pg/ml) | 89 (40.2-190) | 105 (55.55-242) | 0.18 | | IL-10 (pg/ml) | 5.78 (5-10) | 9.56 (5.86-14.35) | ≤0.001 | | TNF-α (pg/ml) | 16.3 (11-30.55) | 16.5 (10.5-24.95) | 0.50 | | PCT (ng/ml) | 0.55 (0.28-1.01) | 1.53 (0.809-3.29) | ≤0.001 | | CRP (mg/dl) | 3.73 (1.96-6.29) | 6.62 (4.62-9.35) | ≤0.001 | | NLR | 11.1 (7.73-15.73) | 12.17 (8.10-16.94) | 0.39 |
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