A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis on the Efficacy of Medications in the Treatment of Chronic Idiopathic Constipation in Japan

Table 1

All eligible studies.

Study ID	Loc	Diagnosis	IBS-C	of total patients	Age ()	of females	Intervention	Trial stage	Ref no.	MA
Fukudo 2019	Japan	<3 SBMs per week, Rome III diagnostic criteria for functional constipation	Not included	181		82.3%	Linaclotide 0.5 mg	III	7	Included
Fukudo 2018	Japan	<3 SBMs per week, Rome III diagnostic criteria for functional constipation	Not included	382		83.2%	Linaclotide 0.0625 mg; Linaclotide 0.125 mg; Linaclotide 0.25 mg; Linaclotide 0.5 mg	II	8	Included
Kumagai 2018	Japan	<3 SBMs per week, Rome III diagnostic criteria for functional constipation	Included	58		Not reported	Elobixibat 2.5 mg; Elobixibat 5 mg; Elobixibat 10 mg; Elobixibat 15 mg; Elobixibat 20 mg	I	9	Included
Nakajima 2018a	Japan	Rome III diagnostic criteria for functional constipation	Included	132		82.6%	Elobixibat 10 mg	III	10	Included
Nakajima 2018b	Japan	Rome III diagnostic criteria for functional constipation	Included	163		87.7%	Elobixibat 5 mg; Elobixibat 10 mg; Elobixibat 15 mg	II	11	Included
Fukudo 2015	Japan	<3 SBMs per week, Rome III diagnostic criteria for functional constipation	Included	124		87.9%	Lubiprostone 48 mg	III	6	Included
Fukudo 2011	Japan	<3 SBMs per week, Rome III diagnostic criteria for functional constipation	Included	170		90.6%	Lubiprostone 16 μg; Lubiprostone 32 μg; Lubiprostone 48 μg	II	5	Included
Mori 2019	Japan	Rome IV diagnostic criteria for functional constipation	Included	33		100.0%	Magnesium oxide	—	21
Nakajima 2019	Japan	<3 SBMs per week, Rome III diagnostic criteria for functional constipation	Included	156		85.6%	Polyethylene glycol 3350 plus electrolytes	III	17
Kasugai 2019	Japan	<3 SBMs per week, Rome III diagnostic criteria for functional constipation	Included	250		84.0%	Lactulose 13 g/day; Lactulose 26 g/day; Lactulose 39 g/day	II	12	Included

IBS-C: irritable bowel syndrome with constipation; Loc: location; MA: meta-analysis; : number; : proportion; Ref no.: reference number; SBM: spontaneous bowel movement.