Clinical Features, Endoscopic Findings, and Predictive Factors for Mortality in Tissue-Invasive Gastrointestinal Cytomegalovirus Disease between Immunocompetent and Immunocompromised Patients
Table 1
Baseline characteristics of TI-GI CMV disease between immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients.
Characteristics
Overall ()
Immunocompromised ()
Immunocompetent ()
value
Age in years, median (IQR)
62 (47-72)
52 (37-67)
70 (63-79)
<0.001
Male gender
134 (62.9)
83 (66.9)
51 (57.3)
0.197
Clinical setting at diagnosis
Outpatient
92 (43.2)
69 (55.6)
23 (25.8)
<0.001
Inhospital patient.
82 (38.5)
43 (34.7)
39 (43.8)
<0.001
Intensive care unit
39 (18.3)
12 (9.7)
27 (30.3)
<0.001
Requisite time (day) to diagnosis Median (IQR)
16 (8-41)
14 (3-37)
19 (4-41)
0.045
Immunocompromised conditions
HIV infection
43 (20.2)
43 (34.7)
0
<0.001
Solid malignancy
29 (13.6)
29 (23.4)
0
<0.001
Hematologic malignancy
19 (8.9)
19 (15.3)
0
<0.001
Organ transplantation
7 (3.3)
7 (5.6)
0
0.043
Immunosuppressive agents
21 (9.9)
21 (16.9)
0
<0.001
Neutropenia
14 (6.6)
13 (10.5)
0
0.010
Chemotherapy
7 (3.3)
7 (5.6)
0
0.043
Systemic corticosteroid†
33 (15.5)
33 (26.6)
0
<0.001
Comorbidities
Sepsis
59 (27.7)
29 (23.4)
30 (33.7)
0.132
CKD stage III-IV, ESRD
86 (40.4)
30 (24.2)
56 (62.9)
<0.001
Respiratory failure
59 (27.7)
25 (20.2)
34 (38.2)
0.006
Inflammatory bowel disease
15 (7)
11 (8.9)
4 (4.5)
0.337
Bedridden status
8 (3.8)
0 (0)
8 (9)
<0.001
Cirrhosis
15 (7)
8 (6.5)
7 (7.9)
0.900
Autoimmune diseases.
14 (6.6)
9 (7.3)
5 (5.6)
0.845
Poorly controlled DM
15 (7)
3 (2.4)
12 (13.5)
0.004
Malnutritional status‡
131 (61.5)
67 (54.0)
64 (71.9)
0.012
Advanced age (>65 years)
95 (44.6)
36 (29)
59 (66.3)
<0.001
Medication use
Low-dose corticosteroid
16 (7.5)
7 (5.6)
9 (10.1)
0.339
Exposed antibiotics (>14 days)
37 (17.4)
10 (8.1)
27 (30.3)
<0.001
Data are presented as number (percentage) unless indicated otherwise. †Systemic corticosteroid dose ≥20 mg/day of prednisolone or equivalent for >2 weeks. ‡Malnutrition status defined as low body mass index (<18.5 kg/m2) and serum albumin <3 g/dL. Abbreviations: HIV: human immunodeficiency virus; CKD: chronic kidney disease; ESRD: end-stage renal disease; DM: diabetes mellitus; IQR: interquartile range.
