Risk Factors for Worsening of Bone Loss in Patients Newly Diagnosed with Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Table 5

Univariate and multivariate analysis of risk factors associated with worsening of bone loss in patients with IBD during follow-up.

	IBD			CD			UC
	Univariate	Multivariate		Univariate	Multivariate		Univariate	Multivariate
			OR (95% CI)			OR (95% CI)			OR (95% CI)
Disease type	0.124			NA	NA		NA	NA
Age at diagnosis (year)	0.689			0.823			0.776
Disease duration (year)	0.372			0.126			0.414
Sex	0.871			0.769			0.912
BMI (kg/m^2)	0.156			0.032	0.411	0.872 (0.683–1.306)	0.753
Smoking	0.536			0.453			0.055	0.483	1.012 (0.996–1.032)
Alcohol intake	0.477			0.232			0.689
Menopause	0.001	<0.001	8.532 (3.356–55.633)	0.023	0.006	5.368 (2.672–39.636)	0.012	0.004	8.016 (4.522–64.326)
Hospitalizations	0.644			0.489			0.572
Intestinal surgery	0.034	0.088	1.19 (0.986–1.445)	0.268			0.072	0.381	1.621 (0.552–4.786)
Body composition
FMI (kg/height m^2)	0.163			0.468			0.062	0.353	0.67 (0.27–1.64)
ASMI (kg/height m^2)	0.671			0.244			0.893
Biochemical characteristics
CRP (mg/L)	0.684			0.032	0.357	0.957 (0.895–1.023)	0.843
Albumin (g/L)	0.022	0.036	0.679 (0.521–0.862)	0.014	0.034	0.664 (0.528–0.833)	0.074	0.233	0.988 (0.963–1.013)
Calcium (mmol/L)	0.868			0.904			0.561
Phosphorus (mmol/L)	0.072	0.689	0.993 (0.979–1.008)	0.655			0.243
Concurrent status
Short bowel syndrome	0.587			0.664			0.926
Stoma	0.315			0.264			0.547
Medical treatment
Corticosteroids	0.176	0.012	2.73 (1.143–6.236)	0.728			0.089	0.006	2.308 (1.659–4.632)
IMMs	0.284			0.517			0.475
Biologics	0.362			0.108	0.082	0.611 (0.284–1.315)	0.469
Calcium and vitamin D	0.014	0.259	0.98 (0.827–1.155)	0.688			0.035	0.451	0.994 (0.987–1.002)
Bisphosphonates	0.861			0.939			0.542

Abbreviations: IBD: inflammatory bowel disease; CD: Crohn’s disease; UC: ulcerative colitis; BMI: body mass index; FMI: fat mass index; ASMI: appendicular skeletal muscle index; CRP: C-reactive protein; IMMs: immunomodulators; OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval.