Early Post-Operative Endoscopy Is Associated with Lower Surgical Recurrence of Crohn’s Disease: A Retrospective Study of Three Successive Cohorts
Table 1
Baseline characteristics of the patients. (CC = corticosteroids; MTX = méthotrexate; IQR: interquartile range).
Baseline characteristics
Group A,
Group B,
Group C,
-Value
Male, n (%)
23 (33.3)
35 (37.2)
24 (40.0)
0.73
Age at diagnostic, years, Median (IQR)
30 (20–34)
28 (20–33)
28 (20–33)
0.82
Age at first surgery, years, median (IQR)
35 (26–42)
34 (25–42)
36 (27–43)
0.77
Duration of disease before surgery, years, Median (IQR)
5 (0–8)
6 (0–9)
8 (1–11)
0.17
Death (%)
5 (7.2)
2 (2.1)
1 (1.7)
0.14
Family history of IBD, n (%)
18 (30.0)
27 (37.5)
17 (30.4)
0.58
Smokers, n (%)
37 (61.7)
50 (53.8)
30 (50.0)
0.42
Extraintestinal manifestations, n (%)
17 (27.9)
23 (25.6)
12 (20.0)
0.58
Appendicectomy before surgery, n (%)
27 (40.3)
23 (24.5)
7 (11.7)
0.0011
Disease location (Montreal classification), n (%)
69
94
60
0.099
L1 = small bowel
36 (52.2)
59 (62.8)
36 (60.0)
L2 = colon
4 (5.8)
7 (7.4)
2 (3.3)
L3 = small bowel + colon
27 (39.1)
25 (26.6)
17 (28.3)
L4 = upper gastrointestinal tract
2 (2.9)
2 (2.1)
0 (0.0)
L1 + L4
0 (0.0)
0 (0.0)
2 (3.3)
L3 + L4
0 (0.0)
1 (1.1)
3 (5.0)
Behaviour (Montreal classification), n (%)
61
91
52
0.48
B1 = non-stenosing non-penetrating
30 (49.2)
50 (54.9)
31 (59.6)
B2 = Stenosing
17 (27.9)
19 (20.9)
14 (26.9)
B3 = penetrating
14 (23.0)
20 (22.0)
7 (13.5)
B2 + B3
0 (0.0)
2 (2.2)
0 (0.0)
Perianal disease, n (%)
14 (20.3)
19 (20.4)
5 (8.3)
0.11
Treatment before surgery, n (%)
Aminosalicylates
58 (84.1)
80 (85.1)
40 (66.7)
0.012
Corticosteroids
52 (75.4)
65 (69.1)
52 (86.7)
0.047
Methotrexate
1 (1.4)
10 (10.6)
18 (30.0)
<0.001
Thiopurines
8 (11.6)
37 (39.4)
34 (56.7)
<0.001
Anti-TNF
0 (0,0)
19 (20.2)
39 (65.0)
<0.001
Vedolizumab
0 (0.0)
0 (0.0)
2 (3.3)
0.064
Antibiotics
30 (43.5)
40 (42.6)
41 (68.3)
0.0035
Location resection
69
94
60
0.0001
Small bowel
5 (7.2)
8 (8.5)
1 (1.7)
Colon
6 (8.7)
4 (4.3)
3 (5.0)
Ileocecal
26 (37.7)
71 (75.5)
39 (65.0)
Ileocolic
31 (44.9)
10 (10.6)
15 (25.0)
Colon + upper intestinal tract
0 (0.0)
1 (1.1)
0 (0.0)
Colon + rectum resection
0 (0.0)
0 (0.0)
1 (1.7)
Ileocecal + colon + rectum resection
1 (1.4)
0 (0.0)
0 (0.0)
Ileocolic + rectum resection
0 (0.0)
0 (0.0)
1 (1.7)
Length of resection cm
34.73 ± 16.856
31.93 ± 19.747
29.05 ± 14.580
0.20
Surgical technics
<0.001
Laparotomy
51 (82.3)
38 (42.2)
19 (31.7)
Laparoscopy
11 (17.7)
52 (57.8)
41 (68.3)
Surgical technic of anastomosis
46
77
57
<0.001
Handsewn
44 (95.7)
61 (79.2)
11 (19.3)
Stapled
2 (4.3)
16 (20.8)
46 (80.7)
Type of anastomosis
46
77
54
<0.001
Side-to-end
21 (45.7)
33 (42.9)
2 (3.7)
Side-to-side
1 (2.2)
25 (32.5)
49 (90.7)
End-to-end
24 (52.2)
19 (24.7)
3 (5.6)
Treatment after post surgery n (%)
Aminosalicylates
45 (65.2)
12 (12.8)
4 (6.7)
<0.001
Corticosteroids
8 (11.6)
8 (8.5)
2 (3.3)
0.22
Methotrexate
1 (1.4)
1 (1.1)
3 (5.0)
0.24
Thiopurines
3 (4.3)
13 (13.8)
10 (16.7)
0,065
Anti-TNF
0 (0,0)
5 (5.3)
18 (30.0)
<0.001
Vedolizumab
0 (0.0)
0 (0.0)
2 (3.3)
0.064
Antibiotics
5 (7,2)
10 (10.6)
1 (1.7)
0.11
Time between surgery and colonoscopy (months)
6.42 ± 3.045
8.00 ± 3.962
7.56 ± 3.195
0.38
Colonoscopy 6 to 12 months after surgery, n (%)
11 (15.9)
65 (69.1)
51 (85.0)
<0.001
Rutgeerts score at colonoscopy after surgery
0.16
Stage i,0
0 (0.0)
16 (25.0)
9 (17.7)
Stage i,1
2 (18.2)
14 (21.9)
10 (19.6)
Stage i,2
2 (18.2)
16 (25.0)
15 (29.4)
Stage i,3
4 (36.4)
13 (20.3)
6 (11.8)
Stage i,4
3 (27.3)
5 (7.8)
11 (21.6)
Treatment following results of colonoscopy
11
65
51
0.0007
Yes
11 (100.0)
65 (100.0)
42 (82.4)
No
0 (0.0)
0 (0.0)
9 (17.6)
Treatment started after results of colonoscopy
Aminosalicylates
4 (36.4)
15 (23.1)
0 (0.0)
0,0003
Corticosteroids
6 (54.6)
3 (4.6)
3 (5.9)
<0.0001
Methotrexate
0 (0.0)
7 (10.8)
3 (5.9)
0.37
Thiopurines
2 (18.2)
8 (12.3)
2 (3.9)
0.18
Anti-TNF
0 (0.0)
7 (10.8)
18 (35.3)
0.0010
Vedolizumab
0 (0.0)
0 (0.0)
1 (2.0)
0.47
Ustekinumab
0 (0.0)
0 (0.0)
0 (0.0)
0.22
The median time of follow-up after surgery was 235 months (IQR 166–265) in cohort A, 131 months (IQR 98–163) in cohort B, and 59 months (IQR 31–81) in cohort C.
