On the Association between Gastrointestinal Symptoms and Extragastric Manifestations

Table 2

Statistically significant associations between gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms and extragastric manifestations. The observed significance levels ( values) are reported along with the Goodman and Kruskal’s gamma values which refer to the rank of association. Gamma values higher than zero indicate positive association and vice versa.

GI symptom	Extragastric symptom	Goodman and Kruskal’s gamma value	value
Nausea	Dizziness frequency	0.472	0.004
Halitosis	Dizziness frequency	0.229	0.03
Nausea	Dizziness intensity	0.473	0.023
Nausea	Dizziness duration	0.474	0.012
Constipation	Dizziness duration	-0.233	0.05
Constipation	Headache intensity	-0.219	0.025
Belching	Fatigue frequency	0.376	0.034
Belching	Fatigue intensity	0.208	0.02
Belching	Fatigue duration	0.221	0.002