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| Inclusion criteria | Exclusion criteria |
|
Population | People aged 18 and over receiving healthcare (synonyms patient and service user) | People aged under 18 years |
AND/OR | |
Health-care providers-individuals or organisations that provide healthcare services in a systematic way [36] | |
|
Intervention | Trauma-informed organisational change intervention | Interventions that do not incorporate key assumptions and principles at the organisational level |
To address the heterogeneity in terminology and definitions, we used the SAMHSA’s framework for trauma-informed approach that is grounded in a set of four assumptions, six key principles, and ten implementation domains (supplementary materials S1) [8] | |
|
Comparator | No trauma-informed organisational change intervention | |
We included studies without a control group | |
|
Quantitative outcomes | Main outcomes: any psychological, behaviour, health outcomes at the organisational level | No outcomes reported |
Additional outcomes: any psychological, behavioural, and health outcomes at the individual level | |
Psychological outcomes can be measured through cognitive (e.g., knowledge and skills), affective (e.g., attitudes), behavioural (e.g., clinical practices) outcomes | |
|
Qualitative phenomenon of interest | Perceived effects of interventions, views on factors that can impact intervention effects | No phenomenon of interest reported |
|
Context | Any organisations providing primary care and/or community mental healthcare services in public, private, and third sector [25] | Organisations that do not provide primary care and/or community mental healthcare services |
Studies with mixed samples if they reported outcomes for the primary care and/or community mental healthcare subsample irrespective of the proportion of the subsample | Studies with mixed samples that did not reported separately outcomes for the primary care and/or community mental healthcare subsample |
|
Types of studies | Empirical primary studies of any design that evaluated a trauma-informed organisational change intervention | Theoretical papers, systematic reviews, editorials, policy documents, and books |
Qualitative studies if they reported participant quotes | |
|
Time frame | From 1990 | |
Although the seminal paper introducing the philosophy and principles of trauma-informed mental healthcare was published in 2001 [7], professional stakeholders advised to extend searches to the preceding 10 years to capture early discussions of trauma-informed approach principles | |
|
Language | No language restrictions provided an English language abstract is available | Paper without abstract in English |
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