Research Article
Exploring the Differences in Social Care Needs by the Degree of Obesity among Older Adults in England: A Cross-Sectional Study
Table 3
Determining informal social care receiving.
| Variable | Unadjusted | Adjusted | B | S.E | Sig | Exp (B) (OR) | 95% C.I. for exp (B) | B | S.E | Sig | Exp (B) (OR) | 95% C.I. for exp (B) | Lower | Upper | Lower | Upper |
| BMI | Normal | Ref | | | | | | | | | | | | Overweight | −0.04 | 0.09 | 0.64 | 0.96 | 0.80 | 1.15 | 0.17 | 0.18 | 0.33 | 1.19 | 0.84 | 1.68 | Moderate obesity | −0.06 | 0.10 | 0.57 | 0.95 | 0.78 | 1.15 | 0.37 | 0.19 | 0.05 | 1.45 | 1.10 | 2.11 | Severe obesity | −0.03 | 0.12 | 0.82 | 0.97 | 0.77 | 1.23 | 0.01 | 0.23 | 0.98 | 1.01 | 0.64 | 1.59 | Morbid obesity | 0.54 | 0.13 | 0.001 | 1.71 | 1.32 | 2.21 | 0.35 | 0.26 | 0.18 | 1.42 | 0.86 | 2.35 | Age | 50–60 | Ref | | | | | | | | | | | | 61–70 | 0.64 | 0.12 | 0.001 | 1.89 | 1.49 | 2.40 | 0.44 | 0.25 | 0.08 | 1.56 | 0.95 | 2.55 | 71–80 | 1.19 | 0.12 | 0.001 | 3.29 | 2.59 | 4.18 | 0.97 | 0.27 | 0.001 | 2.63 | 1.56 | 4.44 | 81+ | 2.36 | 0.13 | 0.001 | 10.58 | 8.23 | 13.59 | 1.68 | 0.30 | 0.001 | 5.37 | 3.00 | 9.63 | Gender | Female | Ref | | | | | | | | | | | | Male | −0.66 | 0.07 | 0.001 | 0.52 | 0.45 | 0.59 | −0.76 | 0.14 | 0.001 | 0.47 | 0.35 | 0.62 | Marital status | Married | Ref | | | | | | | | | | | | Unmarried/others | 0.54 | 0.07 | 0.001 | 1.72 | 1.50 | 1.98 | −0.54 | 0.23 | 0.02 | 0.59 | 0.37 | 0.91 | Coresidence | None | Ref | | | | | | | | | | | | At least one | −0.68 | 0.08 | 0.001 | 0.51 | 0.44 | 0.59 | −0.14 | 0.24 | 0.56 | 0.87 | 0.54 | 1.40 | Smoking | No | Ref | | | | | | | | | | | | Yes | 0.08 | 0.11 | 0.47 | 1.09 | 0.87 | 1.36 | 0.21 | 0.19 | 0.27 | 1.23 | 0.85 | 1.78 | Alcohol | Never/rarely | Ref | | | | | | | | | | | | Frequently/daily | −0.84 | 0.08 | 0.001 | 0.43 | 0.37 | 0.50 | −0.14 | 0.13 | 0.31 | 0.87 | 0.67 | 1.13 | Education | Never/≤14 | Ref | | | | | | | | | | | | 15–18 | −1.44 | 0.11 | 0.001 | 0.24 | 0.19 | 0.29 | −0.53 | 0.22 | 0.02 | 0.59 | 0.38 | 0.90 | ≥19/not yet finished | −2.15 | 0.14 | 0.001 | 0.12 | 0.09 | 0.15 | −0.79 | 0.28 | 0.01 | 0.45 | 0.26 | 0.79 | Employment | Retired/unemployed | Ref | | | | | | | | | | | | Employed | −1.98 | 0.13 | 0.001 | 0.14 | 0.11 | 0.18 | −0.37 | 0.24 | 0.12 | 0.69 | 0.43 | 1.10 | ADL disability | None | Ref | | | | | | | | | | | | At least one | 2.86 | 0.08 | 0.001 | 17.44 | 14.78 | 20.58 | 1.34 | 0.15 | 0.001 | 3.80 | 2.85 | 5.07 | IADL disability | None | Ref | | | | | | | | | | | | At least one | 3.46 | 0.09 | 0.001 | 31.87 | 26.75 | 37.98 | 2.12 | 0.14 | 0.001 | 8.34 | 6.35 | 10.95 | Self-rated general health status | Fair/poor | Ref | | | | | | | | | | | | Excellent/very good/good | −2.14 | 0.08 | 0.001 | 0.12 | 0.10 | 0.14 | −0.65 | 0.15 | 0.001 | 0.52 | 0.39 | 0.70 | Self-reported long-standing illness | No | Ref | | | | | | | | | | | | Yes | 2.32 | 0.11 | 0.001 | 10.22 | 8.26 | 12.65 | 1.05 | 0.18 | 0.001 | 2.85 | 1.99 | 4.06 | Poor well-being by CASP-19 scale | 0.08 | 0.00 | 0.001 | 1.09 | 1.08 | 1.09 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.13 | 1.01 | 1.00 | 1.03 | Constant | | | | | | | −3.14 | 0.57 | 0.001 | 0.04 | | |
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Informal social care coding: none (0) and at least one (1).
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