Extragenital Infections Caused by Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae: A Review of the Literature

Table 3

Characteristics of studies reporting extragenital infections due to N. gonorrhoeae and C. trachomatis among men who have sex with women and populations with mixed behaviors.

Author	Study year	Location	Setting	Time period	Risk	Sample	Gonorrhea			Chlamydia
							Urogenital	Rectal	Pharyngeal	Urogenital	Rectal	Pharyngeal
Jones et al. [33]	1985	Indiana (US)	STD clinic	1985	MSW	706	—	—	—	21.00%	—	3.70%
Ostergaard et al. [38]	1997	Denmark	STD clinic	1995-1996	MSW	169	—	—	—	0.60%	0.00%	0.00%
Mayer et al. [36]	2012	US (4 cities)	HIV clinic	2004–2006	MSW (HIV+)	73	1.00%	0.00%	1.00%	0.00%	0.00%	1.00%
Wada et al. [173]	2012	Japan	Urology clinic	2007-2008	MSW	42	47.60%	—	11.90%	26.20%	—	2.40%
Diaz et al. [26]	2013	Spain	STD clinic	2006–2010	MSW	747	92.90%	0.00%	0.90%	—	—	—
Dukers-Muijrers et al. [19]	2015	Netherlands	STD clinic	2010–2013	MSW	5,007	0.60%	0.40%	2.20%	11.70%	0.90%	0.20%
Garner et al. [27]	2015	United Kingdom	Sexual health clinic	2010	MSW	553	0.90%	—	0.40%	12.40%	—	0.70%
Trebach et al. [44]	2015	Maryland (US)	STD clinic	2011–2013	MSW	5,218	4.30%	5.70%	2.50%	2.30%	9.10%	1.60%
van Liere et al. [45]	2013	Netherlands	STD clinic	2010–2012	MSW (“swingers”)	303	—	0.33%	—	—	1.32%	—
Ivens et al. [103]	2007	United Kingdom	Genitourinary clinic	2003–2005	Mixed	1187	—	4.70%	—	—	8.50%	—
Tipple et al. [107]	2010	United Kingdom	Sexual health clinic	2006-2007	Mixed	2,406	—	—	—	—	—	1.90%
Chan et al. [100]	2012	Rhode Island (US)	Hospital system	2011-2012	Mixed	178/21,201	0.90%	5.30%	3.40%	5.70%	11.80%	1.70%
Rodriguez-Hart et al. [106]	2012	US	Primary care/adult film	2010	Mixed	168	2.40%	2.40%	1.20%	18.50%	11.30%	22.00%
Dimech et al. [102]	2014	Australia	Surveillance system	2008–2010	Men (mixed)	177,557	—	—	—	12.2–17.4%	5.20%	1.30%
Jenkins et al. [32]	2014	Illinois (US)	Emergency room	2012-2013	Men (mixed)	192	4.70%	—	2.10%	4.70%	—	1.00%
Oda et al. [104]	2014	Japan	Otorhinolaryngology clinic	2012	Mixed	225	—	—	2.20%	—	—	0.90%
Patterson et al. [105]	2014	US	Military	2013-2014	Mixed (HIV+)	316	0.80%	4.30%	15.50%	1.00%	6.90%	6.50%
den Heijer et al. [101]	2016	Netherlands	STD clinic, gynecology, primary care clinic	2006–2010	Mixed	246/22,029	—	—	—	8.20%	10.10%	1.60%

Note. STD: sexually transmitted diseases; US: United States; MSW: men who have sex with women.