Similarity Patterns and Stability of Environmental Response in Sunflower Hybrids

Table 3

Analysis of variance for eight biometric traits observed in 11 sunflower hybrids over three sowing dates (S) and three location-year combinations (L).

Source of variation	df	Germination (%)	Days to flowering	Plant height (cm)	Branching (plants %)	Head diameter (cm)	1000 seed weight (g)	Seed yield (t ha^−1)	Oil content (% d.m.)
Location/year (L)	2	1.27^∗∗∗	9100.01∗∗∗	6497.79∗∗∗	11.97∗∗∗	1872.21∗∗∗	1652.14∗∗∗	22.30∗∗∗	0.06∗∗∗
Sowing date (S)	2	0.15∗∗∗	22927.08∗∗∗	4788.61∗∗∗	2.36∗∗∗	22.50∗∗∗	3214.65∗∗∗	0.59∗∗∗	0.03∗∗∗
L×S	4	0.07∗∗∗	589.37∗∗∗	2971.85∗∗∗	0.71∗∗∗	1.50 n.s.	457.72∗∗∗	0.62∗∗∗	0.02∗∗∗
Rip (L×S)	18	0.02 n.s.	5.39 n.s.	160.86∗∗	0.06∗∗∗	7.14∗∗∗	36.89 n.s.	0.13 n.s.	0.00 n.s.
Hybrid (H)	10	0.29∗∗∗	458.75∗∗∗	2922.34∗∗∗	0.16∗∗∗	42.32∗∗∗	1089.09∗∗∗	2.22∗∗∗	0.02∗∗∗
H×L	20	0.03∗∗∗	75.52∗∗∗	388.74∗∗∗	0.08∗∗∗	11.40∗∗∗	244.38∗∗∗	0.73∗∗∗	0.01∗∗∗
H×S	20	0.04∗∗∗	62.81∗∗∗	316.11∗∗∗	0.08∗∗∗	7.88∗∗∗	123.19∗∗∗	0.31∗∗∗	0.00∗∗∗
H×L×S	40	0.01 n.s.	43.69∗∗∗	60.19 n.s.	0.05∗∗∗	7.43∗∗∗	39.12∗∗	0.15∗∗∗	0.00∗∗∗
Pooled error	180	0.01	5.48	65.08	0.02	3.17	25.67	0.08	0.00
Total	296
Hybrids mean		86	161	108.2	36	14.9	57.9	1.41	40
C. V.		12.53	1.46	7.46	41.44	11.97	8.75	20.20	4.38

^∗∗∗𝑃≤0.01;
^∗∗𝑃≤0.05