Prediction of Canola Residue Characteristics Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy

Table 3

Calibration statistics (a) and reference measurements and validation results (b) for prediction of 2012 canola stem residue decomposition in a laboratory incubation study using NIRS.

(a) Calibration statistics

Component	Math			SD	SEC		SECV		SD/SECV
Buried residue	3, 5, 5, 1	116	49.03	10.79	3.15	0.92	5.21	0.77	2.07
Surface-placed residue	3, 5, 5, 1	117	43.98	10.68	5.06	0.78	5.65	0.72	1.89

(b) Reference measurements and validation results

	Reference measurements				Validation results
	n	Range	Measured mean	Measured SD	NIRS predicted mean	Bias		SEP	Slope
Buried residue	118	27.35–73.86	49.03	11.58	49.01	0.028	0.63	7.12	0.88
Surface-placed residue	118	23.93–63.82	43.49	11.41	44.59	−1.093	0.67	6.67	0.97

NIRS: near-infrared spectroscopy; SD: standard deviation; SEC: standard error of calibration; : coefficient of determination; SECV: standard error of cross validation; : 1 minus variance ratio; SEP: standard error of prediction.
scatter correction SNV and detrend was used. Math treatment: derivative number, gap (nm), smooth (number of smoothing points), and second smooth.
percent of stem mass lost.