Research Article
Growth and Performance of Baby Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) Grown under Different Organic Fertilizers
Table 2
The initial chemical properties of the soil at the Seke Teachers College (STC), experimental field, and organic manures used in the study.
| | | Organic manure | | Parameter | Soil | Goat | Cattle | Poultry |
| | Sand (%) | 75 ± 5.1 | | | | | Silt (%) | 20 ± 5.1 | | | | | Clay (%) | 5 ± 5.1 | | | | | pH (H2O) | 4.5 ± 0.1 | 6.8 ± 0.5 | 7.15 ± 0.3 | 6.6 ± 0.3 | | EC (dSm−1) | 3.1 ± 0.02 | 5.6 ± 0.2 | 5.85 ± 0.1 | 5.7 ± 2.1 | | CEC (cmol (+) kg−1) | 71.0 ± 0.1 | 312.0 ± 0.6 | 216.2 ± 0.7 | 329.0 ± 1.3 | | Total C (%) | 0.8 ± 0.03 | 22.0 ± 0.7 | 29.7 ± 0.2 | 20.1 ± 1.4 | | Total N (%) | 0.9 ± 0.04 | 5.18 ± 0.1 | 3.10 ± 0.1 | 6.3 ± 1.1 | | C : N ratio | 0.5 ± 0.01 | 4.2 ± 1.2 | 9.6 ± 0.5 | 3.2 ± 0.8 | | Olsen extractable P (mg kg−1) | 401.0 ± 2.11 | 1300.0 ± 5.3 | 1210.6 ± 6.5 | 1320 ± 4.1 | | Extractable NO2/NO3 (mg kg−1) | 33.2 ± 1.03 | 1410.0 ± 7.4 | 1180.5 ± 6.7 | 1521 ± 5.1 | | Extractable NH4 (mg kg−1) | 111.4 ± 0.9 | 421.1 ± 3.7 | 391.6 ± 1.6 | 410.2 ± 2.1 | | Ca (mg kg−1) | 0.2 ± 0.02 | 24.2 ± 3.2 | 25.3 ± 2.2 | 30.1 ± 3.1 | | K (mg kg−1) | 7.3 ± 0.8 | 3.1 ± 0.6 | 2.8 ± 0.4 | 3.5 ± 0.8 | | Mg (mg kg−1) | 30.6 ± 1.4 | 14.7 ± 2.2 | 12.2 ± 1.5 | 13.1 ± 0.7 | | Na (mg kg−1) | 0.54 ± 0.06 | 1.4 ± 0.3 | 1.7 ± 0.1 | 1.1 ± 0.6 | | Cu (mg kg−1) | 241.2 ± 40.1 | 344.1 ± 36.2 | 342.2 ± 46.5 | 333.1 ± 36.2 | | Zn (mg kg−1) | 100.5 ± 8.7 | 566.3 ± 11.5 | 537.3 ± 0.4 | 589.2 ± 0.6 |
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(1) EC, electrical conductivity; CEC, cation exchange capacity. (2) Data are means ± standard error of the means for three replicates.
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