Genetic Advance and Grain Yield Stability of Moroccan Durum Wheats Grown under Rainfed and Irrigated Conditions

Table 3

Mean squares of the combined analyses of variance for grain yield, spikes per m², kernels per spike, kernel weight, harvest index, spikelets per spike, kernels per spikelet, fertile tillering, plant height, and spike length in six durum wheat varieties released in different periods (old, intermediate, and modern) grown under two water regimes (irrigated and rainfed) during three growing seasons (2017, 2018, and 2019).

	Df	Grain yield		Spikes per m^2		Kernels per spike		Kernel weight		Harvest index		Spikelets per spike		Kernels per spikelet		Fertile tillering		Plant height		Spike length
Water regime, WR	1	46444800		534252		442.6		355.3		0.0985		19.57		0.428		647.8		1059.1		0.683
Period of release, PR	2	1995140		2077		5.5		62.1		0.0270		26.32		0.521		145.6		516.2		2.811
Growing season, GS	2	22263400		54329		355.538		457.1		0.0596		32.27		0.167		800.7		2202.8		3.861
Replicate (GS)	6	64922	—	52	—	3.0	—	0.6	—	0.0002	—	0.39	—	0.064	—	4.9	—	0.7	—	0.149	—
WR × PR	2	10964400		9969		50.5		157.3		0.0090		2.02		0.380		66.3		1.5	—	0.110	—
WR × GS	2	2926040		23617		46.0		93.6		0.0221		3.20		0.137		55.5		106.7		0.388
PR × GS	4	607930		3906		20.7		12.4		0.0003	—	2.65		0.185		51.8		22.8		0.131
WR × PR × GS	4	20468900		2144		10.8		3.0	—	0.0012	—	3.02		0.222		10.1	—	6.3	—	0.026	—
Residual	84	233093	—	164	—	1.6	—	2.3	—	0.0084		0.60	—	0.018	—	7.0	—	5.0	—	0.062	—
Total (corrected)	107	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—

Significant at 0.05 probability level. Significant at 0.01 probability level. Significant at 0.001 probability level.