Supply-Side Practices and Constraints of the Kola Nut (Cola nitida (Vent) Schott. and Endl.) Value Chain in Ghana: A Descriptive Evidence

Table 9

Kola nut processing practices in Ghana.

Variable	Level	Percentage
Are kola nuts sorted before processing/selling? (N = 401)	Yes	60.8
	No	39.2
Things looked out for during sorting (multiple responses, N = 452)	Mouldiness	85.2
	Insects damaged	71.7
	Sizes (big/small)	14.8
	Colour (red/white/pink)	13.5
How are mouldy nuts treated? (N = 208)	Less mouldy nuts are sold locally for local consumption at a low price	14.9
	Kept for personal use (chewing)	0.5
	Buyers take it free	1.0
	Thrown away (discarded)	83.7
Are nuts depulped by you? (N = 402)	Yes	48.0
	No, I buy already depulped nuts	2.7
	No, I sell/give them out with the pulp	44.5
	Both (I depulp some and I buy some already depulped)	4.7
How kola nuts are depulped (multiple responses, N = 311)	Soaking in water	82.7
	Heaping on the floor and trampling with feet	49.0
	Put in moistened jute sacks	6.3
	Use of a knife/a piece of stick	11.5
Are kola nuts rinsed with water after depulping? (N = 226)	Yes	89.8
	No	10.2
Any chemical added to the water for rinsing? (N = 203)	Yes	28.6
	No	71.4