Positive Response of Hyoscyamus pusillus Callus Cultures to Exogenous Melatonin on Biochemical Traits and Secondary Metabolites under Drought Conditions

Table 1

The morphological traits, fresh weight (FW), and dry weight (DW) in H. pusillus calli cultures treated with melatonin concentrations and PEG levels after 28 days.

Treatments	Callus color	FW (g)	DW (g)
PEG 0% + melatonin 0 mg l^−1	Greenish white	5.457 ± 0.121^e	0.377 ± 0.025^d
PEG 0% + melatonin 0.5 mg l^−1	Green	6.051 ± 0.080^f	0.431 ± 0.006^e
PEG 0% + melatonin 1.0 mg l^−1	Green	7.115 ± 0.343^i	0.502 ± 0.012^fi
PEG 0% + melatonin 1.5 mg l^−1	Greenish brown	6.698 ± 0.218^g	0.515 ± 0.007^i
PEG 0% + melatonin 2.0 mg l^−1	Brown	6.707 ± 0.275^gh	0.492 ± 0.009^f
PEG 4% + melatonin 0 mg l^−1	Dark brown	2.522 ± 0.181^a	0.180 ± 0.013^a
PEG 4% + melatonin 0.5 mg l^−1	Reddish brown	3.575 ± 0.189^ab	0.259 ± 0.017^b
PEG 4% + melatonin 1.0 mg l^−1	Brown	3.758 ± 0.116^b	0.266 ± 0.006^b
PEG 4% + melatonin 1.5 mg l^−1	Light brown	4.044 ± 0.140^c	0.309 ± 0.010^c
PEG 4% + melatonin 2.0 mg l^−1	Brownish white	4.460 ± 0.306^d	0.312 ± 0.023^c

Data show the mean values ± standard errors of triplicates. Different alphabets indicate significant statistical differences between the mean values based on Duncan’s test at .