Understanding the Impact of the Intercropping System on Carbon Dioxide (CO₂) Emissions and Soil Carbon Stocks in Limpopo Province, South Africa

Table 1

Bulk density (BD), gravimetirc water content (GWC), and soil chemical properties from Syferkuil collected at the end of 2018/19 and 2020/21 cropping seasons.

Chemical properties	2018/19		2020/21
	Binary	Sole	Binary	Sole
BD (kg·m^−3)	1260.41 ± 192.30	1270.01 ± 210.62	1463.10 ± 412.10	1448.70 ± 335.41
GWC (%)	11.08 ± 5.99	9.61 ± 4.46	10.74 ± 2.06	10.80 ± 2.49
P (mg·kg^−1)	25.29 ± 14.19	28.49 ± 20.71	45.20 ± 18.65	29.21 ± 11.74
K (mg·kg^−1)	250.87 ± 81.60	301.84 ± 82.55	255.60 ± 56.18	325.09 ± 53.90
Ca (mg·kg^−1)	1057.92 ± 93.26	1061.30 ± 88.68	992.79 ± 72.97	1001.84 ± 57.71
Mg (mg·kg^−1)	595.90 ± 98.18	589.01 ± 83.06	658.39 ± 95.30	712.20 ± 109.24
Zn (mg·kg^−1)	2.48 ± 1.69	3.05 ± 2.49	6.25 ± 3.65	2.92 ± 1.45
Mn (mg·kg^−1)	13.43 ± 3.86	13.85 ± 2.20	15.58 ± 2.13	15.08 ± 2.87
Cu (mg·kg^−1)	2.83 ± 0.45	2.94 ± 0.33	3.19 ± 0.40	3.27 ± 0.35
Org.C (%)	0.65 ± 0.22	0.60 ± 0.23	0.75 ± 0.18	0.84 ± 0.14
C : N ratio	13.93 ± 8.10	11.83 ± 7.97	12.68 ± 2.87	12.68 ± 3.60
CS (kg·m^−2)	1.46 ± 0.60	1.40 ± 0.63	2.88 ± 0.87	3.19 ± 0.66