Estimation of Measurement Uncertainties for the DGT Passive Sampler Used for Determination of Copper in Water

Figure 2

Cause and effect diagram describing the uncertainties associated with the determination of bulk concentration , using a passive sampler. Dashed arrows indicate parameters whose uncertainty contribution was included in another parameter. The dashed box shows the uncertainty from instrument determination of analyte. Uncertainty analysis of the ICP-MS technique has been performed previously [19, 22] and was therefore not treated separately in this paper.