Arsenic, Antimony, Chromium, and Thallium Speciation in Water and Sediment Samples with the LC-ICP-MS Technique

Table 1

Application of LC-ICP-MS techniques in chromium, arsenic, antimony, and thallium speciation in water and sediment samples.

Analytes	Analytical column	Mobile phase	Method of separation and detection	Matrix	References
As^3+, As^5+, MMA, DMA	Hamilton PRP-X100; Dionex IonPac AS7, AG7	75 mM Na3PO4,; 2.5–50 mM HNO3	HPLC-ICP-MS	Surface water, mining water, underground water	[54]
As^3+, As^5+, MMA, DMA, AB, AC	Waters IC-Pak CM/D Waters Guard-Pak CM/D	NaHCO3/Na2CO3, HNO3	HPLC-ICP-MS	Water	[56]
As^3+, As^5+, MMA, DMA, AB	Hamilton PRP-X100	20 mM NH4H2PO4	HPLC-ICP-DRC-MS	Polluted waters	[81]
As^3+, As^5+	Hamilton PRP X-100	Na2CO3	HPLC-ICP-MS	Surface water	[61]
As^3+, As^5+, MMA, DMA	Dionex IonPac AS7	HNO3	HPLC-ICP-MS	Waters	[82]
As^3+, As^5+	Wescan Anion-S C18	EDTA	HPLC-ICP-MS	River waters	[83]
As^3+, As^5+	Waters IC-Pak A HC	NaOH, KNO3	HPLC-ICP-MS	Water	[58]
As^3+, As^5+	Dionex IonPac AG12A/AS 12A	Disodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, methanol	HPLC-ICP-MS	Iron rich water samples	[84]
As^3+, As^5+, MMA, DMA	Hamilton PRP X100	NH4NO3	HPLC-ICP-MS	Water	[62]
As^3+, As^5+, MMA, DMA, AB	Supelcosil LC-SCX	Pyridine, NaHCO3, Na2CO3	HPLC-ICP-MS	Aqueous extracts	[85]
As^3+, As^5+, MMA, DMA, AB	Dionex IonPac AS7	NH4H2PO4, NH4OH	HPLC-ICP-MS	Waters	[86]
As^3+, As^5+	Hamilton PRP X100	CH3COOH, NH4NO3, EDTA	HPLC-ICP-MS	Drinking water	[87]
As^3+, As^5+, MMA, DMA, AC, AB	Spherisorb ODS/NH2	5 mM NaH2PO4,; 5 mM Na2HPO4,	HPLC-ICP-MS	Water	[57]
As^3+, As^5+, MMA, DMA	Hamilton PRP-X100	10–200 mM NH4H2PO4	HPLC-ICP-DRC-MS	Sediments	[77]
As^3+, As^5+, MMA, DMA, AB, AC	Develosil; C30-UG-5, Chemcosorb; 7SAX	Sodium butanesulfonate, malonic acid, tetramethylammonium hydroxide,; metanol, ammonium tartrate	HPLC-ICP-MS	Environmental samples	[65]
As^3+, As^5+	Dionex IonPac AG-7; Hamilton PRP-X100	10 mM HNO3	HPLC-ICP-MS	Water	[33]
Sb^3+, Sb^5+,	Hamilton PRP-X100	20 mM EDTA, 2 mM KHP	HPLC-ICP-MS	Waters	[64]
Sb^3+, Sb^5+,	Hamilton PRP-X100	10 mM EDTA, 1 mM phthalic acid	HPLC-ICP-MS	Moat water	[68]
Sb^3+, Sb^5+,	Hamilton PRP-X100	20 mM EDTA, 2 mM KHP	HPLC-ICP-MS	Mineral water	[88]
Sb^3+, Sb^5+, TMSbCl2	Hamilton PRP-X100	20 mM EDTA, 2 mM KHP	HPLC-HG-AFS	Sea water,	[89]
Sb^3+, Sb^5+, TMSbO	Hamilton PRP-X100	2 mM phthalic acid; 2 mM 4-hydroxybenzoic acid	HPLC-ICP-MS	Surface water	[69]
Sb^3+, Sb^5+, TMSbCl2	CETAC ION-120; Dionex IonPac AS14	2 mM NH4HCO3, 1 mM tartaric acid, 1.25 mM EDTA	HPLC-ICP-MS	Tap water	[67]
Sb^3+, Sb^5+, TMSbCl2, TMS(OH)2	Hamilton PRP-X100, Hamilton PRPX-200, Supelcosil LC-SCX, Hamilton PRP1, Phenomenex Intersil 5 ODS	KH2PO4/K2HPO4 0.5–5 mM, KHCO3/K2CO3 1–50 mM, Pyridine, 2,6 dicarboxylic acid (PDCA): 5–20 mM EDTA,; 5–50 mM HNO3, 1–4 mM Ethylenediamine	HPLC-ICP-MS	Environmental samples	[90]
Sb^3+, Sb^5+	Synchropak Q300	5 mM EDTA, 2 mM phthalic acid	HPLC-ICP-MS	Tap water	[66]
Sb^3+, Sb^5+, TMSbCl2	Hamilton PRP-X100, Dionex IonPac AS4A-SC	12 mM tetra-methylammonium hydroxide; 3 mM tetra-methylammonium hydroxide	HPLC-ICP-MS	Environmental samples	[91]
Sb^3+, Sb^5+	Dionex IonPac AS-7	1 mM Phtalic acid, 10 mM EDTANa2	IC-ICP-MS	Water and bottom sediments	[49]
Tl^1+, Tl^3+	Dionex IonPac CG12A	0.015 M HNO3	IC-ICP-MS	Water	[92]
Tl^1+, Tl^3+	Dionex IonPac AG12A; CG12A	HNO3, HCl	IC-ICP-MS	Water	[70]
Tl^1+, Tl^3+	Dionex IonPac AS7	1.5 mM phtalic acid, 10 mM EDTA, 15 mM HNO3, 2 mM DTPA	IC-ICP-MS	Water, bottom sediments	[44]
Cr^3+, Cr^6+, Se^4+, Se^6+	Dionex IonPac AG-11; Dionex IonPac AS-11	20 Mm NaOH	IC-ICP-DRC-MS	Surface water, groundwater, tap waters	[32]
Cr^3+, Cr^6+	Waters Guard-Pak CM/D; Waters IC-Pak A	0.4–40 mM HNO3	IC-ICP-DRC-MS	Sludge	[55]
Cr^3+, Cr^6+	Waters IC-Pak CM/D; Waters Guard-Pak CM/D	0.4–40 mM HNO3	IC-ICP-DRC-MS	Water	[93]
Cr^3+, Cr^6+	G3145A/101; G3145A/102	30 mM NH4H2PO4	IC-ICP-MS	Sludge	[94]
Cr^3+, Cr^6+	G3145A/101; G3145A/102	20 mM NH4NO3	IC-ICP-DRC-MS	Saline water with a high content of Cl^−	[95]
Cr^3+, Cr^6+	Shodex RS-pak NN-814 4DP	90 mM (NH4)2SO4; 10 mM NH4NO3	IC-ICP-DRC-MS	Water	[96]
Cr^3+, Cr^6+	Prepared in the laboratory	0.70 M HNO3	IC-ICP-MS	Seawater	[97]
Cr^3+, Cr^6+	Dionex IonPac CS5	2 mM PDCA + 2 mM NaHPO4 + 1 mM NaI + 5 mM CH3COONH4	IC-ICP-MS	Drinking water	[98]
Cr^3+, Cr^6+	Excelpak ICS-A23	1 mM EDTA-2NH4 + 10 mM H2C2O4	IC-ICP-MS	Drinking water, sludge	[99]
Cr^3+, Cr^6+	Dionex IonPac CS5	PDCA + (NH4)2HPO4 + CH3COONH4 + NH4OH + NH4I	IC-ICP-MS	Water	[100]
Cr^3+, Cr^6+	Dionex IonPac CS5A	40 mM MgSO4 + 30 mM HClO4	IC-ICP-MS	Drinking water, sludge	[101]
Cr^3+, Cr^6+	Dionex IonPac AG7	0.1 M NH4NO3 pH = 4; 0.8 M HNO3	IC-ICP-MS	Water and bottom sediments	[49]