Effects of Bahir Dar Textile Factory Effluents on the Water Quality of the Head Waters of Blue Nile River, Ethiopia
Table 1
Mean values of water quality parameters of study sites compared to guideline values of WHO [12], EEPA [13], and IFC [14]. Different letters within the same row show significant variation among sampling sites according to Tukey HSD ().
Parameters
Sampling sites
Standards
T1
T2
A
D
U
value
IFC
EEPA
WHO
DO (mg/L)
3.7b
7.7a
6.7a
7.2a
7.8a
0.000
NA
NA
>10
BOD5 (mg/L)
40.3a
36.3ab
33bc
8.2d
5.3df
0.000
30
50
<4
pH (pH Units)
8.4a
7.8a
7.1a
7.7a
7.3a
0.123
6–9
6–9
6.5–8.5
Temperature (°C)
25.2a
20.8a
20.4a
24.3a
23.6a
0.599
NA
40
<25
TDS (ppm)
612.3a
391b
447.8bc
129d
101.7df
0.000
NA
NA
<500
Conductivity (S/cm)
1050a
835.8b
943.7ab
168c
141cd
0.000
NA
NA
400–800
Total hardness (mg/L)
88a
102a
117a
110.33a
84a
0.590
NA
NA
NA
Total alkalinity (mg/L)
247a
225a
107b
94.67bc
91bcd
0.000
NA
NA
<75
NA: not available; IFC: International Finance Corporation; EEPA: Ethiopian Environmental Protection Authority; and WHO: World Heath Organization.
