Development of a Solid-Phase Extraction (SPE) Cartridge Based on Chitosan-Metal Oxide Nanoparticles (Ch-MO NPs) for Extraction of Pesticides from Water and Determination by HPLC
Table 6
Efficiency of standard ODS cartridge (Supelco) in adsorption of different pesticides using SPE technique.
Pesticides
Removal efficiency () ± SE at three levels of concentration (mg/L)
Active ingredient found in water () ± SE
Total found ()
(Extracted in methanol / acetonitrile)
(Remaining in water sample)
10
50
100
10
50
100
10
50
100
Abamectin
97.59
95.4
48.11
00.00 ± .00
4.28
11.86
97.59
99.72
59.97
Diazinon
99.36
96.28
87.65
00.00
2.00
7.45
99.36
98.32
95.10
Fenamiphos
84.20
78.28
78.60
14.45
16.54
16.96
98.65
94.82
95.56
Imidacloprid
80.16
51.26
31.20
8.11 ± 0.11
13.90
36.84
88.27
65.16
68.04
Lambda-cyhalothrin
93.88
72.05
00.00 ± .00
7.42
10.64
93.88
79.47
62.43
Methomyl
40.37
28.20
23.35
11.87
13.99
22.98
52.24
42.19
46.33
Thiophanate-methyl
78.98
75.30
74.28
13.07
19.65
24.67
92.05
94.95
98.95
The values lower than 100% mean the nonextracted amount of pesticide from standard solid phase extraction cartridge. Values are mean of three replicates and are given as mean ± standard error. Different letters in the same column indicate significant differences according to Student-Newman-Keuls (SNK) test (P≤0.05).
