Research Article

The Development and Psychometric Validation of a Comprehensive Measure Assessing Fear of Incompetence among Adults Who Have a Family Member with Dementia

Table 4

Means and standard deviations for the items in the final FOI scale.

FOI scale itemsMeanSD

Scale instructions read as follows: “Below are several concerns that people may have when interacting with their relative or family member who has been diagnosed with dementia. Using the rating scale provided, please indicate to what extent each of the following would concern you when interacting with a living family member with dementia.”

Interaction concerns subscale
I will not know what to do when he/she does not recognize me anymore.3.521.23
I will be unable to convince him/her that we know each other.3.461.24
I will no longer be able to communicate with him/her verbally.3.421.26
I will no longer know what to say to make him/her recognize me.3.391.21
I will not know how to talk with him/her when he/she does not recognize me anymore.3.391.27
I will no longer know what to say to make him/her comfortable.3.381.18
I will not get him/her to understand what I am trying to communicate to him/her.3.371.15
I will not know what to do to make him/her recognize me.3.351.22
I will not know how to interact with him/her if he/she does not remember me.3.341.24
I will be unable to communicate one-on-one with him/her.3.311.23
I will no longer be able to make him/her happy to see me.3.311.20
I will not know how to detect what mindset he/she is in (e.g., recent times or memories from his/her past).3.311.12
I will not know what to talk about when he/she does not recognize me anymore.3.301.23
I will be unable to get him/her to enjoy the activities we used to do together.3.301.20
I will not how to interact with him/her anymore.3.271.23
I will not know how to interact with him/her when he/she drifts in and out.3.211.17
I will be unable to get him/her to remember the activities we used to do together.3.201.19
I will not get him/her to understand what I am trying to communicate to him/her.3.181.23
I will not be able to keep him/her in the present moment.3.181.23
I will not know how to interact with him/her if he/she does not seem to be present.3.161.23
I will not know how to continue a conversation with him/her.3.141.22
I will be unable to get him/her to remember my visits.3.141.23
I will not know how to make activities pleasant for the both of us.3.071.19
I will not be spending quality time with him/her.3.071.30
I will not know what to say to him/her.3.071.25
I will no longer know what topics to discuss with him/her.3.071.23
I will no longer know what to say for him/her to remember events from my childhood.3.031.23
I will no longer be able to prevent him/her from rejecting me.2.951.29

Caregiving concerns scale
I will be unable to assist when he/she is in psychological pain.3.621.19
I will not know how to take care of his/her psychological needs.3.591.17
I will not be able to console him/her if he/she is upset.3.561.20
I will not know how he/she feels or thinks.3.511.15
I will be unable to assist when he/she is in physical pain.3.491.22
I will not know what to do to make him/her feel comfortable.3.491.16
I will not know how to control his/her outbursts.3.421.22
I will not be able to guarantee his/her safety.3.401.33
I will not know how to take care of his/her physical needs.3.381.23
I will say something to him/her that would make him/her angry, irritated, or upset.3.351.18
I will not know how to care for him/her.3.351.25
I will not know whether a behavior displayed by him/her is due to dementia or other causes.3.341.21
I will not know how to respond and handle emergencies that involve him/her.3.341.25
I will be unable to convince him/her that they still have a purpose in life.3.311.25
I will not be able to pick-up on cues regarding his/her current mental state/mood.3.171.73

Knowledge concerns subscale
I will not know the causes of his/her dementia in order to help him/her.3.091.27
I will not know how to console a third person in the interaction (e.g., sibling, parent, friend) if my relative with dementia is having a bad day.3.091.23
I will not know how to get the help and information needed from the healthcare system.2.861.27
I will not know why he/she behaves the way he/she does.2.851.23
I will not know who he/she is anymore.2.781.37
I will be unable to redirect the conversation if it gets off topic or repetitive.2.751.24
I will not keep calm if he/she starts behaving aggressively.2.731.36
I will not be able to go along with his/her stories anymore.2.681.24
I will not be able to prevent him/her from saying awkward things.2.571.29
I will lose my patience if he/she asks me the same question repeatedly.2.541.37
I will be unable to prevent him/her from doing something that will irritate me.2.491.27
I will not know how/where to find more information related to his/her dementia.2.491.29
I will be unable to prevent him/her from saying something that makes me feel embarrassed.2.461.22
I will say awkward things to him/her.2.321.22
I will say something that makes me feel embarrassed.2.151.22

Note. All items rated on a 5-point scale from 1 (not at all concerned) to 5 (extremely concerned).