Numerical Simulation of Airfoil Aerodynamic Penalties and Mechanisms in Heavy Rain

Table 1

Lift and drag coefficients for different sizes of the original airfoil mesh.

Mesh size	𝐶𝐿 AOA 0°			𝐶𝐿 AOA 10°
	LWC 0 g/m^3	25 g/m^3	Δ𝐶𝐿	LWC 0 g/m^3	25 g/m^3	Δ𝐶𝐿
80×100	0.161	0.155	0.006	1.081	1.029	0.052
100×100	0.157	0.152	0.005	1.077	1.028	0.049
100×120	0.156	0.151	0.005	1.076	1.027	0.049
120×120	0.155	0.151	0.004	1.075	1.027	0.048
	𝐶𝐷 AOA 0°			𝐶𝐷 AOA 10°
	LWC 0 g/m^3	25 g/m^3	Δ𝐶𝐷	LWC 0 g/m^3	25 g/m^3	Δ𝐶𝐷
80×100	0.020	0.022	0.002	0.078	0.082	0.006
100×100	0.019	0.020	0.001	0.075	0.080	0.005
100×120	0.019	0.020	0.001	0.074	0.080	0.006
120×120	0.019	0.020	0.001	0.074	0.079	0.005

LWC: liquid water content; AOA: angle of attack; 𝐶_𝐿: lift coefficient; 𝐶_𝐷: drag coefficient.