A Method for SWIM-Compliant Human-in-the-Loop Simulation of Airport Air Traffic Management

Figure 3

The X23 implementation covers the protocol stack from the application layer down to the network layer. The application layer implements the interface between the application and the X23 stack. The presentation layer covers the encoding of state changes in XML messages. The session layer establishes logical sessions robust against communication interruptions. The transport layer encapsulates messages in User Datagram Protocol (UDP) datagrams. The network layer and Ethernet take care of the actual multicast transmission.