Research Article
Reentry Trajectory Optimization for a Hypersonic Vehicle Based on an Improved Adaptive Fireworks Algorithm
Figure 9
Simulation results of 20 times minimum total heat reentry trajectory optimization using the I-AFWA.
(a) 3D trajectory |
(b) Altitude-velocity |
(c) Ground trajectory |
(d) Angle of attack |
(e) Bank angle |
(f) Flight path angle |
(g) Heading angle |
(h) Heating rate |
(i) Dynamic pressure |