Reentry Trajectory Optimization for a Hypersonic Vehicle Based on an Improved Adaptive Fireworks Algorithm

Table 2

Performance index and constraints in minimum downrange reentry trajectory optimization with the six comparative algorithms.

Evaluation index	I-AFWA		S-AFWA		DE		PSO		GA		FWA
	Mean	Std	Mean	Std	Mean	Std	Mean	Std	Mean	Std	Mean	Std
(km)	1152.1	0.8	1182.6	2.2	1155.8	1.5	1187.5	26.1	1240.3	1.8	1522.8	63.5
(kW/m^2)	4974.1	9.8	4745.3	12.5	4899.3	38.1	4699.6	113.9	4830.5	59.2	4720.4	150.8
(kPa)	29.991		29.469	0.036	29.840	0.071	29.955	0.121	29.535	0.096	28.737	0.334
(g)	4.995		4.967	0.118	4.999		4.996		4.984	0.047	4.835	0.686
(km)	0.96	0.07	0.89	0.53	0.75	0.46	1.32	0.41	1.05	0.38	1.18	0.77
(m/s)	9.82	0.18	9.95	0.09	9.96	0.10	9.81	0.60	9.89	0.21	8.84	1.08
(°)	0.197	0.102	0.784	0.173	0.879	0.084	0.886	0.124	0.913	0.236	0.656	0.455
Run time (s)	78.3	—	76.5	—	91.5	—	70.6	—	87.5	—	74.2	—