Aerodynamic Parameter Identification of Projectile Based on Improved Extreme Learning Machine and Ensemble Learning Theory

Table 5

(a) of four algorithms

ELM	0.61	0.75	0.89	0.16	0.14
IPSO-ELM	0.72	0.77	0.92	0.57	0.62
ELM-AdaBoost	0.83	0.81	0.94	0.89	0.86
IPSO-ELM-AdaBoost	0.90	0.85	0.97	0.92	0.91

(b) MSE of four algorithms

ELM
IPSO-ELM
ELM-AdaBoost
IPSO-ELM-AdaBoost

(c) MAPE (%) of four algorithms

ELM	25.8	28.4	9.6	55.2	71.2
IPSO-ELM	29.6	23.9	5.5	47.7	15.9
ELM-AdaBoost	10.2	20.7	5.8	10.3	9.2
IPSO-ELM-AdaBoost	7.1	18.4	4.1	10.0	8.3