Research Article

A Novel Cellular Handset Design for an Enhanced Antenna Performance and a Reduced SAR in the Human Head

Table 3

Computational results of the antenna performance parameters of both handset models at 900 MHz in all cases.

Frequency900 MHz
in (dB)Gain (dBi)Radiation efficiencyTotal efficiency
Handset modelModelModelModelModelModelModelModelModel
no. 1no. 2no. 1no. 2no. 1no. 2no. 1no. 2

Handset in free-space 1.72 1.8 85.76% 86.9% 85.63% 86.33%
Handset in hand only 1.23 48.4% 41.0% 45.9% 39.7%
Handset in hand close to SAM (Cheek position) 7.3% 11.7% 7.1% 11.5%
Handset in hand close to SAM (Tilt position) 18.8% 21.5% 18.5% 21.2%
Handset in hand close to HR-EFH (Cheek position) 12.8% 17.3% 12.3% 17.2%
Handset in hand close to HR-EFH (Tilt position) 25.0% 25.6% 24.5% 25.3%