Sunflower Array Antenna with Adjustable Density Taper

<table>Array Factor, two different <svg height="16.3125" id="M75" style="vertical-align:-3.56265pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.7250004 16.3125" width="9.7250004" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,11.813)"><path d="M542 242q0 -106 -80 -176.5t-192 -72.5l-55 -251l-6 -3q-18 7 -28 38t1 91l23 124q-85 16 -133.5 72.5t-48.5 137.5q0 95 62.5 159.5t166.5 97.5l14 -31q-77 -32 -115 -82.5t-38 -128.5q0 -63 31.5 -107t74.5 -59l125 597l56 43l16 -10l-40 -168q-9 -40 3 -45
q77 -33 120 -85.5t43 -140.5zM469 232q0 67 -37 115t-77 62l-76 -370q89 -4 139.5 52.5t50.5 140.5z" id="x1D719"></path></g>
</svg> cuts (<svg height="17.375" id="M76" style="vertical-align:-3.56265pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 42.349998 17.375" width="42.349998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,12.875)"><path d="M542 242q0 -106 -80 -176.5t-192 -72.5l-55 -251l-6 -3q-18 7 -28 38t1 91l23 124q-85 16 -133.5 72.5t-48.5 137.5q0 95 62.5 159.5t166.5 97.5l14 -31q-77 -32 -115 -82.5t-38 -128.5q0 -63 31.5 -107t74.5 -59l125 597l56 43l16 -10l-40 -168q-9 -40 3 -45
q77 -33 120 -85.5t43 -140.5zM469 232q0 67 -37 115t-77 62l-76 -370q89 -4 139.5 52.5t50.5 140.5z" id="x1D719"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,14.375,12.875)"><path d="M535 323h-483v50h483v-50zM535 138h-483v50h483v-50z" id="x3D"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,29.079,12.875)"><path d="M241 635q53 0 94 -28.5t63.5 -76t33.5 -102.5t11 -116q0 -58 -11 -112.5t-34 -103.5t-63.5 -78.5t-94.5 -29.5t-95 28t-64.5 75t-34.5 102.5t-11 118.5q0 58 11.5 112.5t34.5 103t64.5 78t95.5 29.5zM238 602q-32 0 -55.5 -25t-35.5 -68t-17.5 -91t-5.5 -105
q0 -76 10 -138.5t37 -107.5t69 -45q32 0 55.5 25t35.5 68.5t17.5 91.5t5.5 105t-5.5 105.5t-18 92t-36 68t-56.5 24.5z" id="x30"></path></g>
<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,37.25,4.712)"><path d="M326 255q0 -56 -41 -96t-99 -40t-99 40t-41 96t41 96t99 40t99 -40t41 -96zM274 255q0 38 -25.5 65t-62.5 27t-62.5 -27t-25.5 -65t25.5 -65t62.5 -27t62.5 27t25.5 65z" id="x2218"></path></g>
</svg> in red dotted line and <svg height="17.375" id="M77" style="vertical-align:-3.56265pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 50.512501 17.375" width="50.512501" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,12.875)"><path d="M542 242q0 -106 -80 -176.5t-192 -72.5l-55 -251l-6 -3q-18 7 -28 38t1 91l23 124q-85 16 -133.5 72.5t-48.5 137.5q0 95 62.5 159.5t166.5 97.5l14 -31q-77 -32 -115 -82.5t-38 -128.5q0 -63 31.5 -107t74.5 -59l125 597l56 43l16 -10l-40 -168q-9 -40 3 -45
q77 -33 120 -85.5t43 -140.5zM469 232q0 67 -37 115t-77 62l-76 -370q89 -4 139.5 52.5t50.5 140.5z" id="x1D719"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,14.375,12.875)"><path d="M535 323h-483v50h483v-50zM535 138h-483v50h483v-50z" id="x3D"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,29.079,12.875)"><path d="M244 635q90 0 143 -72t53 -177q0 -133 -65 -229.5t-171 -139.5q-79 -32 -140 -32l-5 30q109 18 185 91t101 186l-68 -36q-29 -16 -60 -16q-79 0 -129 51.5t-50 130.5q0 80 57 146.5t149 66.5zM228 602q-52 0 -78 -45.5t-26 -98.5q0 -69 36.5 -115.5t97.5 -46.5
q53 0 90 28q4 31 4 66q0 51 -9.5 95.5t-39 80.5t-75.5 36z" id="x39"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,37.239,12.875)"><path d="M241 635q53 0 94 -28.5t63.5 -76t33.5 -102.5t11 -116q0 -58 -11 -112.5t-34 -103.5t-63.5 -78.5t-94.5 -29.5t-95 28t-64.5 75t-34.5 102.5t-11 118.5q0 58 11.5 112.5t34.5 103t64.5 78t95.5 29.5zM238 602q-32 0 -55.5 -25t-35.5 -68t-17.5 -91t-5.5 -105
q0 -76 10 -138.5t37 -107.5t69 -45q32 0 55.5 25t35.5 68.5t17.5 91.5t5.5 105t-5.5 105.5t-18 92t-36 68t-56.5 24.5z" id="x30"></path></g>
<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,45.412,4.712)"><path d="M326 255q0 -56 -41 -96t-99 -40t-99 40t-41 96t41 96t99 40t99 -40t41 -96zM274 255q0 38 -25.5 65t-62.5 27t-62.5 -27t-25.5 -65t25.5 -65t62.5 -27t62.5 27t25.5 65z" id="x2218"></path></g>
</svg> in black), for the array configuration in
Figures <a href="../fig1/">1</a> and <a href="../fig2/">2</a>, respectively.</table>

International Journal of Antennas and Propagation

Sunflower Array Antenna with Adjustable Density Taper

Figure 4