Effects of Ground Constituent Parameters on Array Mutual Coupling for DOA Estimation

Table 1

Ground material parameters used in Figure 2 [16].

Material	Relative permittivity 𝜖𝑟	Conductivity 𝜎(S/m)
Poor ground	4	0.001
Typical ground	15	0.005
Good ground	25	0.02
Sea water	81	5.0
Fresh water	81	0.001
Copper	1	10^7