Hybrid Differential Evolution with Biogeography-Based Optimization for Design of a Reconfigurable Antenna Array with Discrete Phase Shifters

Table 2

Optimum results of experimental I and experiment II without ADR.

Element number	Experiment I		Experiment I after quantization		Expt-II
	Amplitude	Phase (deg.)	Amplitude	Phase (deg.)	Amplitude	Phase (deg.)
1/20	0.1563	−172.8693	0.1563	−174.2857	0.1457	−2.8571
2/19	0.2013	−151.6404	0.2013	−151.4286	0.1697	−37.1429
3/18	0.2730	−143.0201	0.2730	−140.0000	0.2008	−31.4286
4/17	0.3396	−113.6656	0.3396	−111.4286	0.2948	−71.4286
5/16	0.4825	−99.4233	0.4825	−100.0000	0.4208	−77.1429
6/15	0.5887	93.2511	0.5887	100.0000	0.4794	−94.2857
7/14	0.7205	−83.1503	0.7205	−82.8571	0.6518	−88.5714
8/13	0.8392	89.3217	0.8392	94.2857	0.7023	−94.2857
9/12	0.9180	−143.0237	0.9180	−140.0000	0.7922	−37.1429
10/11	0.9785	148.3569	0.9785	151.4286	0.8156	31.4286
ADR	6.26		5.77		5.60
Fitness value	0.16		3.40		0.16