Direction-of-Arrival Estimation of Closely Spaced Emitters Using Compact Arrays

Figure 3

Summary of DOA estimations using MPM for a four-element ULA with interelement separation varying from 0.05𝜆 to 0.5𝜆. Two equal-power incoming signals are from the directions of 𝜙₁=10^∘ to 90^∘ and 𝜙₂=𝜙₁+1^∘ with an SNR of 5 dB. The step size of Δ𝜙₁=5^∘ is considered. The figure shows the average biases of the estimated directions.