ANN Synthesis Model of Single-Feed Corner-Truncated Circularly Polarized Microstrip Antenna with an Air Gap for Wideband Applications

Table 1

Comparison of MLP-based synthesis model trained with different training algorithms.

Training algorithm			BPM	RBP	CGF	SCG	BFGS	LM
Training time (seconds)			77	80	193	158	292	912
MRE (%)	𝐿	Training	321	79.7	95.6	92.4	14.1	1.56
		Test	214	49.4	67.8	72.6	34.6	1.55
	𝐿𝑡	Training	163	279	163	70.2	41.2	2.05
		Test	185	102	46.3	78.8	42.3	2.19
ARE (‰)	𝐿	Training	155	23.2	19.0	12.3	2.79	0.206
		Test	156	23.6	18.3	12.3	2.82	0.224
	𝐿𝑡	Training	123	27.2	22.6	16.5	4.49	0.367
		Test	121	26.7	21.8	16.1	4.60	0.403
MSE (mm)	𝐿	Training	285	7.96	4.67	1.76	9.85×10^−2	5.96×10^−4
		Test	294	8.59	4.78	1.88	1.09×10^−1	8.13×10^−4
	𝐿𝑡	Training	5.97	2.38×10^−1	1.66×10^−1	8.64×10^−2	6.40×10^−3	4.23×10^−5
		Test	5.61	2.54×10^−1	1.57×10^−1	8.74×10^−2	7.16×10^−3	6.46×10^−5