The Radiation Problem from a Vertical Hertzian Dipole Antenna above Flat and Lossy Ground: Novel Formulation in the Spectral Domain with Closed-Form Analytical Solution in the High Frequency Regime

Figure 3

Electric fields at observation point as a function of horizontal distance between transmitting Hertzian dipole and observation point, for frequency  MHz. Here, the various components of received electric field are shown as follows: line-of-sight (LOS) field (circle), field scattered from ground (asterisk), “space wave” (square), and “surface wave” (diamond). Note that in this case Norton’s “surface wave” is rather negligible as compared to the corresponding “space wave” [15].