Research Article

Design of UAVs-Based 3D Antenna Arrays for a Maximum Performance in Terms of Directivity and SLL

Table 1

Comparison of the performance in terms of the SLL and DIR of 3D nonuniform antenna array with respect to the most conventional arrays for UAVs formation flight.

Array configurationDirectivity (dB)Side lobe level (dB)

3D nonuniform (DEMO)9.31−4.43
3D nonuniform (NSGA-II)8.92−2.77
Cubic8.91−0.24
Linear9.29−2.74
Circular8.16−0.46
Planar9.12−0.47