Defected Ground Structure: Fundamentals, Analysis, and Applications in Modern Wireless Trends

Table 1

Comparison of PBG, EBG, and DGS.

	PBG	EBG	DGS
Definition	Photonic Band Gap (PBG) structures are periodic structures etched on the ground plane and have the ability to control the propagation of electromagnetic waves	The EBG technique is based on the PBG phenomena and also realized by periodical structures but compact in size	Single or few compact geometrical slots embedded on the ground plane of microwave circuits are referred to as Defected Ground Structure (DGS)
Geometry	Periodic etched structure	Periodic etched structure	One or few etched structures
Parameter extraction	Very difficult	Very difficult	Relatively simple
Size	Large	Smaller than PBG and larger than DGS	Much more compact than PBG and EBG
Fabrication	Difficult	Difficult	Easy
Examples	[26]	[27, 28]	[12–24]