Design of Low-Complexity Hybrid Precoder and Inkjet-Printed Antenna Array for Massive MIMO Downlink Systems

Table 1

Properties of ink and substrate used for printing.

Ink properties
Viscosity	2.3 mPa·sec
Surface tension	35 mN/m
Conductivity	35,700,000 S/m
“Glossy paper” substrate properties
Relative permittivity	4.01
Loss tangent	0.07
Dielectric constant	2.31
Thickness	0.1 mm