Wide CPW-Fed Multiband Wearable Monopole Antenna with Extended Grounds for GSM/WLAN/WiMAX Applications

<div>Reflection coefficient (<span class="nowrap"><svg height="11.8174pt" id="M91" style="vertical-align:-3.1815pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 15.5881 11.8174" width="15.5881pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M449 634C442 637 425 643 405 650C376 660 341 666 307 666C181 666 98 590 98 485C98 400 170 343 215 310L246 288C307 243 343 204 343 147C343 67 291 18 219 18C104 18 61 124 51 202L23 199C28 124 27 71 27 47C47 22 122 -16 204 -16C324 -16 428 60 428 174C428 256 379 309 307 360L276 382C223 419 179 455 179 516C179 576 221 632 293 632C379 632 410 564 418 487L448 490C446 536 446 592 449 634Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,6.071,3.132)"><path d="M389 0V32C297 38 291 46 291 118V635C234 613 175 595 109 583V556L161 554C203 552 207 547 207 497V118C207 46 201 38 110 32V0H389Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,10.503,3.132)"><path d="M389 0V32C297 38 291 46 291 118V635C234 613 175 595 109 583V556L161 554C203 552 207 547 207 497V118C207 46 201 38 110 32V0H389Z"></path></g></svg>)</span> of Antenna V at <svg height="14.1649pt" id="M92" style="vertical-align:-5.529pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 48.5109 14.1649" width="48.5109pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M962 650H739L732 622L760 619C812 613 819 604 798 552C760 457 671 267 606 131H604L511 638H480L237 131H233L183 554C177 607 183 614 226 619L248 622L257 650H24L17 622C88 615 92 611 103 524L173 -11H203L450 491H453L543 -11H575L839 529C882 609 886 613 953 622L962 650Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,10.777,3.132)"><path d="M490 97L476 124C442 96 405 70 398 70C392 70 390 78 396 114C419 243 448 379 463 432L457 436C446 436 431 439 418 442C393 447 368 451 343 451C281 451 204 418 155 381C74 320 24 206 24 107C24 23 59 -12 88 -12C118 -12 155 5 191 34C236 70 290 122 328 177H330L312 84C296 0 311 -12 331 -12C355 -12 425 24 490 97ZM374 387C371 367 360 299 347 264C323 202 187 53 142 53C128 53 113 73 113 120C113 224 157 332 221 380C241 395 274 403 303 403C330 403 360 395 374 387Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,15.127,3.132)"><path d="M554 433L549 437C539 437 513 441 503 443C481 447 456 451 436 451C354 451 268 415 216 368C150 308 99 205 99 106C99 24 136 -12 165 -12C196 -12 243 14 268 33C318 70 374 118 415 181H419L395 39C374 -84 332 -149 295 -175C269 -193 245 -197 212 -197C137 -197 93 -156 76 -102C71 -87 61 -87 51 -96C36 -110 24 -130 24 -147C24 -183 76 -257 171 -257C226 -257 285 -227 323 -200C387 -155 455 -76 480 94C499 225 538 391 554 433ZM460 386C457 361 438 287 426 254C408 218 373 176 332 133C294 93 246 61 217 61C198 61 186 80 186 122C186 167 206 250 231 294C262 349 288 375 317 387C334 394 358 400 381 400C413 400 439 393 460 386Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,24.553,0)"><path d="M535 323V373H52V323H535ZM535 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650H139L133 622C217 615 221 612 206 533L126 118C111 41 103 34 23 26L17 0H474C489 31 528 124 541 160Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,8.294,3.132)"><path d="M490 97L476 124C442 96 405 70 398 70C392 70 390 78 396 114C419 243 448 379 463 432L457 436C446 436 431 439 418 442C393 447 368 451 343 451C281 451 204 418 155 381C74 320 24 206 24 107C24 23 59 -12 88 -12C118 -12 155 5 191 34C236 70 290 122 328 177H330L312 84C296 0 311 -12 331 -12C355 -12 425 24 490 97ZM374 387C371 367 360 299 347 264C323 202 187 53 142 53C128 53 113 73 113 120C113 224 157 332 221 380C241 395 274 403 303 403C330 403 360 395 374 387Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,12.644,3.132)"><path d="M554 433L549 437C539 437 513 441 503 443C481 447 456 451 436 451C354 451 268 415 216 368C150 308 99 205 99 106C99 24 136 -12 165 -12C196 -12 243 14 268 33C318 70 374 118 415 181H419L395 39C374 -84 332 -149 295 -175C269 -193 245 -197 212 -197C137 -197 93 -156 76 -102C71 -87 61 -87 51 -96C36 -110 24 -130 24 -147C24 -183 76 -257 171 -257C226 -257 285 -227 323 -200C387 -155 455 -76 480 94C499 225 538 391 554 433ZM460 386C457 361 438 287 426 254C408 218 373 176 332 133C294 93 246 61 217 61C198 61 186 80 186 122C186 167 206 250 231 294C262 349 288 375 317 387C334 394 358 400 381 400C413 400 439 393 460 386Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,22.07,0)"><path d="M535 323V373H52V323H535ZM535 138V188H52V138H535Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,33.332,0)"><path d="M249 635C141 635 70 555 70 471C70 401 114 353 179 316C143 294 106 267 90 252C68 231 45 202 45 157C45 50 130 -12 237 -12C322 -12 435 52 435 169C435 256 372 304 303 343C349 374 375 398 383 407C401 429 411 458 411 487C411 569 344 635 249 635ZM238 603C285 603 337 567 337 482C337 422 310 385 276 358C205 393 145 426 145 500C145 552 179 603 238 603ZM248 20C183 20 125 70 125 163C125 218 158 268 206 300C284 261 355 217 355 143C355 66 308 20 248 20Z"></path></g></svg>,</span> 9, and 10 mm.</div>

International Journal of Antennas and Propagation

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Figure 4

Figure 4: Wide CPW-Fed Multiband Wearable Monopole Antenna with Extended Grounds for GSM/WLAN/WiMAX Applications 