Electromagnetic Analysis and Experimental Validation of the LOFAR Radiation Patterns

Figure 5

Normalized LBA-outer single element voltages at different frequencies: (a) 32, (b) 44, (c) 57, and (d) 70 MHz. Panels (a) and (b) show the embedded element pattern distribution (grey shading), their average (black curve), and the isolated element pattern (grey curve). Panels (c) and (d) show the normalized std distribution of the embedded element patterns (black curve) and the (percent) differences between the mean of the embedded element pattern and the isolated element pattern (grey curve).

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)