A Review of Antenna Array Technologies for Point-to-Point and Point-to-Multipoint Wireless Communications at Millimeter-Wave Frequencies

Table 3

State of the art of high-gain array-based antenna concepts for PtP mm-wave wireless communications.

Antenna technology	Bandwidth (GHz)	Peak gain (dBi)	Dimensions (mm^2)	SLL (dB)	Aperture efficiency (%)	Number of elements	Polarization
AiP patch [63]	57–64	10	14 × 14	−7.5	11	2 × 2	Single
Lens antenna [75]	27.8–28.4	25	100 × 100	−8	30	2 × 2	Single
Patch reflectarray [78]	NA	27.5	82.5 × 82.5	−12	38	15 × 15	Dual
DRA reflectarray [79]	30–40	24.8	60 × 60 ×	−10	26	446	Single
Double-ring reflectarray [80]	26–35	37.8	177 × 177 ×	−14	60	NA	Single
DRA [81]	29–34.3	16.29	NA	−10	NA	4 × 4	Circular
GDRA [83]	29.3–35.2	12	36.5 × 8	−10	38	1 × 8	Single
GDRA [84]	55–62	19.4	23 × 20	−14	38	8 × 8	Single
3D printed horn [85]	27.6–38.1	33.8	140 × 140	−15	86	16 × 16	Single
Vivaldi [86]	28–38	24.1	97.5 × 42	−7.7	32	4 × 4	Single
SIW horn [88]	25.25–32.6	17.2	70 × 2.8	−12	80	1 × 4	Single
SIW horn with lens [89]	26.7–27.3	15.65	112 × 2.5	−9.63	63	1 × 8	Single
SIW stacked patch [90]	25–33.7	20.3	100 × 90	−9	20	4 × 4	Circular
Slotted waveguide [91]	71–81	39.4	210 × 220	−18.9	24	512	Single
Gap waveguide [92]	57–66	33.3	80 × 80	−12	64	256	Single
Resonant cavity [93]	26–31.3	14.1	19 × 19	NA	65	2 × 2	Circular